{"id":4597,"date":"2014-04-16T00:09:54","date_gmt":"2014-04-15T21:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/?p=4597"},"modified":"2014-06-24T18:20:40","modified_gmt":"2014-06-24T15:20:40","slug":"psychiatric-mnemonics-in-depression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/psychiatric-mnemonics-in-depression\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychiatric Mnemonics in Depression"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Psychiatry Mnemonics<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Psychiatry Mnemonics<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Reinforcement schedules: variable ratio<\/strong>\u00a0SLOT<\/b>\u00a0machines
\nshow\u00a0SLO<\/b>wesT<\/b>extinction.<\/p>\n

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Depression: major episode DSM-IV criteria<\/strong>\u00a0\u00b7 First, of course
\ndepressed mood is one. Then:
\nSIG E CAPS<\/b>:
\nS<\/b>leep disturbance
\nI<\/b>nterest loss
\nG<\/b>uilt (or intense worthlessness)
\nE<\/b>nergy loss
\nC<\/b>oncentration loss
\nA<\/b>ppetite changes
\nP<\/b>sychomotor agitation or retardation
\nS<\/b>uicidal tendency<\/p>\n

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HM: this classic patient’s lesion<\/strong>\u00a0HM<\/b>\u00a0had\u00a0H<\/b>ippocampus
\nM<\/b>issing.
\nHippocampus and surrounding areas were removed surgically: prevented formation
\nof new memories.<\/p>\n

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Gain: primary vs. secondary vs. tertiary<\/strong>\u00a0P<\/b>rimary:\u00a0
\nP<\/b>atient’s\u00a0P<\/b>syche improved.
\nS<\/b>econdary:\u00a0S<\/b>ymptom\u00a0S<\/b>ympathy for patient.
\nT<\/b>ertiary:\u00a0T<\/b>herapist’s gain.<\/p>\n

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Depression: major episode characteristics<\/strong>\u00a0SPACE DIGS<\/b>:
\nS<\/b>leep disruption
\nP<\/b>sychomotor retardation
\nA<\/b>ppetite change
\nC<\/b>oncentration loss
\nE<\/b>nergy loss
\nD<\/b>epressed mood
\nI<\/b>nterest wanes
\nG<\/b>uilt
\nS<\/b>uicidal tendencies<\/p>\n

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AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC): features<\/strong>\u00a0AIDS<\/b>:
\nA<\/b>trophy of cortex
\nI<\/b>nfection\/\u00a0I<\/b>nflammation
\nD<\/b>emyelination
\nS<\/b>ix months death<\/p>\n

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Kubler-Ross dying process: stages<\/strong>\u00a0“D<\/b>eath\u00a0A<\/b>lways
\nB<\/b>rings\u00a0G<\/b>reat\u00a0A<\/b>cceptance”:
\nD<\/b>enial
\nA<\/b>nger
\nB<\/b>argaining
\nG<\/b>rieving
\nA<\/b>cceptance<\/p>\n

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Depression: symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0BAD CRISES<\/b>:
\nB<\/b>ehavioural change (slowing down or agitation)
\nA<\/b>ppetite change (weight loss or weight gain in the young)
\nD<\/b>epressed look (looking down)
\nC<\/b>oncentration decrease (does not do serial 7s well)
\nR<\/b>uminations (constant negative thoughts, hopelessness good indicator of
\nsuicidality)
\nI<\/b>nterest (reduced interest in what is normally pleasurable)
\nS<\/b>leep change (insomnia or hypersomnia, sleeping early, waking up at
\nnight, waking up feeling tired)
\nE<\/b>nergy change (fatigue)
\nS<\/b>uicide<\/p>\n

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Yalom’s therapeutic factors<\/strong>\u00a0ICU CAGES<\/b>:
\nI<\/b>\u00a0still hope (installation of hope)
\nI<\/b>‘m part of information (imparting information)
\nI<\/b>mitate behavior
\nI<\/b>nterpersonal learning
\nC<\/b>orrective recapitulation of primary
\nU<\/b>niversality
\nC<\/b>atharsis
\nA<\/b>ltruism
\nG<\/b>roup cohesiveness (glue)
\nE<\/b>xistential factors
\nS<\/b>ocializing techniques development<\/p>\n

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Mania: cardinal symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0DIG FAST<\/b>:
\nD<\/b>istractibility
\nI<\/b>ndiscretion (DSM-IV’s “excessive involvement in pleasurable activities”)
\nG<\/b>randiosity
\nF<\/b>light of ideas
\nA<\/b>ctivity increase
\nS<\/b>leep deficit (decreased need for sleep)
\nT<\/b>alkativeness (pressured speech)<\/p>\n

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Depression criteria\/symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0A SAD FACES<\/b>:
\nA<\/b>ppetite, weight changes
\nS<\/b>leep changes
\nA<\/b>nhedonia
\nD<\/b>ysphoria (low mood)
\nF<\/b>atigue
\nA<\/b>gitation (psychomotor)
\nC<\/b>oncentration
\nE<\/b>steem
\nS<\/b>uicide<\/p>\n

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Mania: diagnostic criteria<\/strong>\u00a0Must have 3 of\u00a0MANIAC<\/b>:
\nM<\/b>outh (pressure of speech)\/\u00a0M<\/b>oodl
\nA<\/b>ctivity increased
\nN<\/b>aughty (disinhibition)
\nI<\/b>nsomnia
\nA<\/b>ttention (distractability)
\nC<\/b>onfidence (grandiose ideas)<\/p>\n

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Neuroleptic side effects onset<\/strong>\u00a0The rule of 4’s:
\nDystonia:\u00a04<\/b>\u00a0hours-4<\/b>\u00a0days
\nAkathesia:\u00a04<\/b>\u00a0days-40<\/b>\u00a0days
\nExtrapyramidal symptoms:\u00a04<\/b>\u00a0days-4<\/b>\u00a0weeks
\nTardive dyskinesia:\u00a04<\/b>\u00a0months (greater than)
\n\u00b7 Note that tardive is obviously the latest one to happen (tardive=tardy\/late).
\n\u00b7 Note that the first letters of these four classic symptoms spell “DATE”, and
\nthis mnemonic is the dates when they occur.<\/p>\n

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Anxiety disorders: physical illnesses mimicking them<\/strong>\u00a0“P<\/b>hysical
\nH<\/b>ealth\u00a0H<\/b>azards\u00a0T<\/b>hat\u00a0A<\/b>ppear\u00a0P<\/b>anciky”:
\nP<\/b>haeochromocytoma
\nH<\/b>yperthyroidism
\nH<\/b>ypoglycaemia
\nT<\/b>emporal lobe epilepsy
\nA<\/b>lcohol
\nP<\/b>aroxysmal arrhythmias<\/p>\n

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Ganser syndrome: key diagnostic feature<\/strong>\u00a0The word “Ganser<\/b>”
\nis\u00a0close to but not quite<\/b>\u00a0the word “Answer<\/b>“.
\nGanser’s syndrome is when patient gives an answer that is close to, but not
\nquite. For example 2+2=5.<\/p>\n

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Conversion disorder: etiology<\/strong>\u00a0Conversion<\/b>\u00a0disorder:\u00a0
\nconvert<\/b>\u00a0a\u00a0con<\/b>flict to a symptom.<\/p>\n

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Hallucinations: hypnogogic vs. hypnopompic definition<\/strong>\u00a0“Hypnogo<\/b>gic
\n=\u00a0go<\/b>\u00a0to sleep”:
\nHypnogogic hallucinations arise when go to sleep, hypnopompic arise when awaken.<\/p>\n

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Depression: major depression criteria<\/strong>\u00a0DEAD SWAMP<\/b>:
\nD<\/b>epressed mood most of the day
\nE<\/b>nergy loss or fatigue
\nA<\/b>nhedonia
\nD<\/b>eath thoughts (recurrent), suicidal ideation or attempts
\nS<\/b>leep disturbances (insomnia, hypersomnia)
\nW<\/b>orthlessness or excessive guilt
\nA<\/b>ppetite or weight change
\nM<\/b>entation decreased (ability to think or concentrate, indecisiveness)
\nP<\/b>sychomotor agitation or retardation<\/p>\n

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Schizophrenia: negative features<\/strong>\u00a04 A’s:
\nA<\/b>mbivalence
\nA<\/b>ffective incongruence
\nA<\/b>ssociative loosening
\nA<\/b>utism<\/p>\n

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Conduct disorder vs. Antisocial personality disorder<\/strong>\u00a0C<\/b>onduct
\ndisorder is seen in\u00a0C<\/b>hildren.
\nA<\/b>ntisocial personality disorder is seen in\u00a0A<\/b>dults.<\/p>\n

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Depression: symptoms and signs (DSM-IV criteria)<\/strong>\u00a0AWESOME<\/b>:
\nA<\/b>ffect flat
\nW<\/b>eight change (loss or gain)
\nE<\/b>nergy, loss of
\nS<\/b>ad feelings\/\u00a0S<\/b>uicide thoughts or plans or attempts\/\u00a0S<\/b>exual
\ninhibition\/\u00a0S<\/b>leep change (loss or excess)\/\u00a0S<\/b>ocial withdrawal
\nO<\/b>thers (guilt, loss of pleasure, hopeless)
\nM<\/b>emory loss
\nE<\/b>motional blunting<\/p>\n

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Biological symptoms in psychiatry<\/strong>\u00a0SCALED<\/b>:
\nS<\/b>leep disturbance
\nC<\/b>oncentration
\nA<\/b>ppetite
\nL<\/b>ibido
\nE<\/b>nergy
\nD<\/b>iurnal mood variation<\/p>\n

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Psychiatric review of symptoms<\/strong>\u00a0“D<\/b>epressed\u00a0P<\/b>atients
\nS<\/b>eem\u00a0A<\/b>nxious,\u00a0S<\/b>o\u00a0C<\/b>laim\u00a0P<\/b>sychiatrists”:
\nD<\/b>epression and other mood disorders (major depression, bipolar disorder,
\ndysthymia)
\nP<\/b>ersonality disorders (primarily borderline personality disorder)
\nS<\/b>ubstance abuse disorders
\nA<\/b>nxiety disorders (panic disorder with agoraphobia, obssessive-compulsive
\ndisorder)
\nS<\/b>omatization disorder, eating disorders (these two disorders are combined
\nbecause both involve disorders of bodily perception)
\nC<\/b>ognitive disorders (dementia, delirium)
\nP<\/b>sychotic disorders (schizophrenia, delusional disorder and psychosis
\naccompanying depression, substance abuse or dementia)<\/p>\n

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Depression<\/strong>\u00a0UNHAPPINESS<\/b>:
\nU<\/b>nderstandable (such as bereavement, major stresses)
\nN<\/b>eurotic (high anxiety personalities, negative parental upbringing
\nH<\/b>ypochondriasis
\nA<\/b>gitation (usually organic causes such as dementia
\nP<\/b>seudodementia
\nP<\/b>ain
\nI<\/b>mportuniing (whingeing, complaining)
\nN<\/b>ihilistic
\nE<\/b>ndogenous
\nS<\/b>econdary (ie cancer at the head of the pancreas, bronchogenic cancer)
\nS<\/b>yndromal<\/p>\n

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Depression: melancholic features (DSM IV)<\/strong>\u00a0MELAN<\/b>cholic:
\nM<\/b>orning worsening of symptoms\/ psychoM<\/b>otor agitation, retardation\/
\nearly\u00a0Morning<\/b>\u00a0wakening
\nE<\/b>xcessive guilt
\nL<\/b>oss of emotional reactivity
\nAN<\/b>orexia\/\u00a0AN<\/b>hedonia<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Psychiatry Mnemonics Psychiatry Mnemonics \u00a0 \u00a0     \u00a0 \u00a0   \u00a0 \u00a0   \u00a0 Reinforcement schedules: variable ratio\u00a0SLOT\u00a0machines show\u00a0SLOwesTextinction. \u00a0 \u00a0 Depression: major episode DSM-IV criteria\u00a0\u00b7 First, of course depressed mood is one. Then: SIG E CAPS: Sleep disturbance Interest loss Guilt (or intense worthlessness) Energy loss Concentration loss Appetite changes Psychomotor agitation or […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[642,151],"tags":[150,1370,138,482,626,649,916,729,1372,764,1503,1371,489,692,464],"class_list":["post-4597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mnemonic-slides","category-151","tag-abstract","tag-agitation","tag-analysis","tag-concentration","tag-depressed","tag-depression","tag-energy","tag-guilt","tag-interest","tag-loss","tag-psychiatry","tag-retardation","tag-seragpsych-com","tag-sleep","tag-suicide","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4597"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4635,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4597\/revisions\/4635"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/seragpsych.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}