Even though it’s used all day and night, we are usually not aware of our memory’s processes until they fail. Yet remembering and forgetting are crucial phenomena underlying learning. Here are some key facts about the forgetting process that relate to learning and instruction.

The Basics

1. Forgetting is the inability to recall or recognize information that we think should reside in long-term memory. Recall refers to reproducing or reconstructing a memory without a specific external cue; recognition refers to identifying something you learned previously based on external cues.

2. There is a debate as to what causes forgetting. Some researchers think that old memories that have not been recalled for a long time slowly decay (or disassociate from the network) over time. The prominent theory at this time, however, is that we forget due to interference or a failure of having the proper retrieval cues.

3. Recalling a memory changes it. The act of reconstructing a memory makes it relatively stronger than other memories and may modify its contents.

4. Memory failure can be caused at any of the three stages of processing: encoding (registering in long-term memory), consolidation (deep processing and stabilization), or during retreival.

5. It is thought that long-term memories are stored as parts of schema or cognitive structures. One reason we may modify memories is to keep them consistent with our schema. This may be the reason people are known to give inaccurate accounts of events.

Reasons for Forgetting

 

6. Some instances of forgetting are probably caused by not processing information in the first place. If we don’t pay attention to information or an event, then we fail to register it.

7. At times we may attend to the information, but it doesn’t get encoded in long-term memory because it lacks connection to anything else we know. Therefore, we don’t understand it.

8. Many instances of forgetting probably happen because retrieval cues are not connecting to the appropriate schema, even though the information is stored. Highly networked memories should be easier to retrieve.

9. Consolidation of memories involves deep processing and associating information in a meaningful way with a network of learned information. Memories that are not consolidated are less stable.

 Types of Interference

 

10. Interference is a critical factor in forgetting. Retrieving a memory probably involves pattern completion. In this theory, the cue (such as a question) activates the associated schema to complete the pattern. Interference of one type or another can lead to failure of retrieving the correct information.

11. Retroactive interference (RI) occurs when newly learned information impedes the recall of something you previously learned. For example, if you are learning Spanish, you may not recall how to pronounce a word in French. The rules of Spanish pronunciation are interfering with this.

12. We don’t yet know whether retroactive interference is due to the interference of competing stimuli or whether a person is actually unlearning the forgotten material.

13. Proactive interference occurs when past memories inhibit one’s ability to retain new information. For example, you may have trouble remembering a new password because you used your previous password for years.

14. The more similar new information is to previous knowledge, the more likely it is that interference will occur. The converse is also true.

Learning and Forgetting

15. Forgetting happens most rapidly soon after learning something and then tapers off with the passage of time.

16. Content that does not make sense to a person is typically forgotten first.

17. Because reading is a more focused activity than listening (and perhaps for other reasons as well), most people are more likely to forget what is heard than what is read.

18. Although we may forget the exact words of something we just read, we can remember the meaning of it.

Advantages of Forgetting

19. The fact that unremarkable events are forgotten is probably a matter of survival. Forgetting trivia helps us to function throughout the day. The standard example to demonstrate this advantage is that if you remembered every parking spot you’ve ever had, how would you remember where your car is at the moment?

20. Fairly recent research showed that forgetting may make more brain power available for other tasks. In one study, the cortex of subjects who did not have competing memories when asked to recall information did less work than those who had competing memories.

Conclusion

What can learning specialists conclude from the science of forgetting?

• For a memory to persist, the information must be attended to, deeply processed, and connected in a meaningful way with existing knowledge.

• When it’s known that the learner’s knowledge base could compete with newly acquired information, allow the learner time to discriminate between the two types of content.

• Practicing the retrieval of information can facilitate retention because reconstructing memories alters them and makes them “stronger.”

• Don’t expect learners to remember trivial information. It won’t be remembered after the test.

 

 

 

 

source:

 

20 Things To Remember About Forgetting

1. It’s OK to disrespect your body.

Do you abuse your body by overeating or going on crash diets? 

Say cruel things about your appearance, when you look in the mirror?

Your child is learning how to value his or her body by watching your example.

What kind of example do you want to set?

 

2. Relationships with electronic devices matter more than human relationships.

 

Do you sleep with your smartphone practically tucked under your pillow? Flip through emails on your iPad when your partner is telling a story at the dinner table?

If so, then you’re teaching your kids that intimate involvement with an electronic screen is more important than people sharing quality time with each other.

 

3. Dessert is a reward for being “good.”

 

 

 

Ever say something like this to your child? “If you’re a good girl at Grandma’s, you can have a cookie when we get home.”

Many well-intentioned parents bribe kids with food. It’s tempting to offer a treat as a reward for good behavior. It’s an easy, quick way to get kids to cooperate … at least, for a little while.

But it’s a dangerous lesson to teach — one that can result in unhealthy eating patterns that are tough to change later, as an adult.

 

 

4. It’s OK to cheat … as long as you don’t get caught.

 

Here’s an example:

“Oops, the waiter forgot to charge us for your meal. Guess we’re getting a free dinner, tonight! Come on, let’s go. Hurry!”

If you teach your kid that cheating is OK (as long as you don’t get caught) you’re doing your kid a tremendous disservice. Your kid is far more likely to cheat on a test, violate the law, or be unfaithful to a partner later in life. Because you’ve taught them that there aren’t any consequences … as long as you cover your tracks.

 

5. It’s OK to flake out.

 

Do you tell people that you’ll call them and then you don’t?

Do you say that you’ll finish something by a certain time, and then flake out?

When you consistently break your word, you’re teaching your child that personal integrity doesn’t mean much, and reliability isn’t important.

 

6. Sex can be used as a bargaining chip.

 

Do you withhold sex from your partner as a “punishment?” Or lay on tons of affection once he (or she) has done what you want?

Your kid might be too young to understand exactly what’s going on, but he or she will pick up on the underlying message: Sex can be used to control people and get what I want.

7. Other people’s needs and desires are more important than your own.

 

Do you hold back on sharing who you really are? Do you keep quiet, instead of asking for what you truly want?

It’s natural to want to be liked and accepted. But when you don’t follow your heart, you’re sending the message to your kid that what you truly desire doesn’t matter.

When it comes to your child’s future happiness and satisfaction, that’s one of the most dangerous lessons of all.…

If you’re reading this and feeling guilty because you’ve done things that you shouldn’t have, don’t be hard on yourself! (Punishing yourself for making a mistake — that’s yet another lesson that you don’t want to teach your kids!)

Instead, make a commitment to become more aware of how you behave, and celebrate the important changes that you’re going to make. Your kid learns from you, every day. From your words and actions. From your presence and absence. From the way you treat yourself and others.

You can choose to change the lesson plan … starting now.

 

 

 

ref:

http://www.mindbodygreen.com/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dale Harbison Carnegie

1922; November 24, 1888 – November 1, 1955) was an American writer and lecturer and the developer of famous courses in self improvement

salesmanship,

 

public speaking, and interpersonal skills.

 

Born into poverty on a farm in Missouri,

he was the author of How to Win Friends and Influence People (1936),

a massive bestseller that remains popular today.

He also wrote How to Stop Worrying and Start Living (1948),

Lincoln the Unknown (1932), and several other books.

 

 

 

عرض الكتاب باللغة العربية

stop worring

 

 

 

 

 

 

حضرت العيادة النفسية و مترددة القصة باختصار متزوجة … نعم 7 سنوات متزوجة و ليس لدى أطفال

فأنا ما زلت عذراء!!!

زوجي أحبه و أحترمة و اتمنى ان اسعده بأي طريقة و لكن مجرد ما يقترب منى أجد نفسي متوافقة معه في أي أحضان أو قبلات و أي مداعبات خارجية

و لكن اذا اقترب أو حاول الاقتراب من مهبلي و حاول الايلاج لا أدري ماذا يحدث معي تخشب كامل في عضلات الافخاد تشنج في عضلات الحوض و المهبل الم و صراخ و عويل تتجمع لدي قوة غريبة في يداي و سيقاني بحيث أستطيع دفعه و نهره ..أتألم او بالادق أخاف من التألم و زوجي المسكين يحاول ارضائي و يخاف ان يسبب لي الألم ويرعاني و تعود على طريقتي و عشنا مع بعض 7 سنوات و ما زلت عذراء!!

من يساعدني العيادة النفسية ام مكان آخر>>>

 

 

 

People don’t always enter therapy with personal growth as their primary goal, but they almost always leave believing they’re a better human being. In several years of helping people improve their self-awareness, self-efficacy and self-esteem, here are nine commonalities I notice become more evident as my clients grow:

1. You notice and verbalize (with composure) when you’re wrong.

It’s far easier to get defensive and deny responsibility, or become overwhelmed with shame for our act of imperfection or ignorance. Being able to acknowledge when we’re in the wrong takes humility, self-compassion and courage.

2. You’re aware of your biases.

We all have innate biases and prejudices. It’s impossible not to: we’re socialized into a stereotyping world. So what’s important is learning to cultivate an active awareness of these biases and prejudices, and examine how they might influence our decisions and actions. Ask yourself where you might be practicing discrimination (subtly or unsubtly), and how you can begin to counter these ingrained behaviors.

3. You acknowledge your privilege and use it wisely.

I’m a white, able-bodied, heterosexual, educated, employed, English-speaking, fully-cognitive, physically and emotionally healthy Canadian of child-bearing age living in a safe neighborhood. Other than being born female, I’m pretty freaking privileged. I know this. I acknowledge that many things in life come more easily to me than someone who’s bearing multiple levels of oppression.

Sure, I sometimes use my privilege in ways that don’t actively help our society. But I also try to take advantage of it, to do what I perceive will make the world a better place — such as educating others, or empowering and amplifying the voices of those whose perspectives are dismissed due to oppression. Ignoring that privilege and oppression exist is a passive way of reinforcing it. Knowing how and when to stand behind those whom society tells us to dismiss often comes alongside self-betterment.

4. You’ve created a space between feeling and reacting.

Through practicing mindfulness, we can increase the amount of time between feeling a particular emotion and reacting to it. We gain a sense of spaciousness with regard to how we observe our emotions — rather than clinging to our feelings immediately and reacting instinctively, we learn how to first observe, and then react more carefully and productively.

5. You knowingly allow yourself to be vulnerable and allow difficult feelings in.

Perfectionism tells us to stay in a box where we feel comfortable, certain and in control. It tells us to manipulate our environments so we never feel vulnerable, needy or uncertain. It keeps us safe from our fears of failing, embarrassing ourselves or getting rejected. And sadly, many of us miss out on a lot of life because of this. So if you’ve felt uncomfortable feelings lately, and acknowledged them, you’re growing in the right direction, even if your perfectionistic impulses are telling you otherwise.

6. You’re compassionate to yourself and others.

Judgment is at the heart of hate. It is what fuels unhealthy relationships with ourselves and others. If you’ve learned or are learning how to be more compassionate, not just to others but also to yourself, you’re moving closer to enlightenment.

7. You know when, who, and how to ask for help.

Clients often emphasize how they want to “be independent” and “not rely on anyone.” And yet they’ve come to therapy, which in itself is a (usually wise) act of asking for help. Knowing when to reach out isn’t a sign of weakness, it’s a sign of courage and resourcefulness.

8. You know when to quit and when to persevere.

I once did a Vipassana retreat that involved 10 days of no talking, reading, writing, music, exercise or eye contact — and very little sleeping. Had it not been for my ego, I would have left after day five — day two, even. For the most part, I didn’t find the practice serving and was not enjoying myself. Looking back, I know it was the fear of being perceived as a “quitter” that kept me there. Oftentimes, we let our ego drive our behavior and the outcome is destructive. Knowing when to go into Child’s Pose, to close your computer for the day, or to end a relationship are all signs of healthy boundaries and emotional intelligence.

9. You’ve realized the more you know, the less you know, and you’re OK with it.

Zen teacher Shunryu Suzuki says, “In the beginner’s mind there are many possibilities; in the expert’s mind there are few.” Those of us who believe we know everything have not much room for possibility and knowledge. This is why the idea of enlightenment is such a paradox: the closer toward this elusive concept we move, the more elusive we realize it truly is. Yet being able to rest in the discomfort of uncertainty is where growth becomes truly evident.

Some of these “signs” might resonate for you. Some might show you where you could be more intentional in your practice of self-inquiry. Regardless of where you are in your journey, remember we’re all imperfect and we all have moments of mindlessness and ignorance. Ultimately, it’s being able to notice, acknowledge and reflect upon those moments that lends to personal growth. Have compassion for yourself in the process. We’re all in this together.

source:

http://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-16995/9-signs-of-emotional-maturity.html

Professor Tarek Asaad, professor of psychiatry , ain shams university, faculty of medicine. Here are several briefs of the same lecture about the updates in clinical and pharmacological research in bipolar and unipolar mood disorders,given in madinah , saudi arabia , FEB 2015.

Here are five habits that will bring you blissful emotional balance:

1. Instead of reacting, they respond.

A reaction is a hot, in-the-moment burst of emotion that’s usually driven by our ego (so we’re more likely to react when we’re disconnected from ourselves). It might last just a split second before our intuition kicks in and offers some perspective, or it might take over to a point that we act on it. When we feel crappy after dealing with a situation or person, that’s a sign we’ve reacted rather than responded. Responding will leave you feeling like you handled things with integrity and respect.

2. They honor the reality of their emotions.

When we’re in the here and now, it’s much easier to cope with emotions and see them as just that: emotions. If we get caught up future or past tripping, emotions and situations can take on new (and untrue) meanings as they become attached to stories.

For example, imagine you’re turned down for a job. Naturally you’re disappointed. If you’re not present with that emotion and experience it in the moment the mind delves back into your past for all the other times you’ve felt that way. Now you feel like a failure and start to carry a feeling of unworthiness into every other interview. When we stay present, we’re empowered to start fresh every moment and we can see every situation with perspective.

3. They look inward and have true compassion for their authentic selves.

 

Make a big list of all the things that make you feel great, and do at least one thing on it every day. Big or small, it doesn’t matter! Doing something that makes us feel amazing is an act of self-love — it’s that simple! This small effort reduces stress levels and makes us feel capable and confident.

Rather than waiting for other people or circumstances to make us feel good, practicing self love is all about empowering ourselves to feel how we want to feel, all the time.

4. They insist on movement.

 

When we’re feeling down, stressed or anxious, one of the best ways to get out of our head and reconnected with ourselves is movement — especially free movement. It’s very rare we move our bodies in a way that is totally free! Put on some music and give it a go whenever you feel like you’re in a bit of a funk. It will feel weird at first so make a feel-good playlist of songs that you just can help but boogie to. Make movement (of any kind) part of your daily ritual of looking after your emotional well-being.

5. They don’t treat gratitude as a bonus; they make it a requirement.

 

Practicing gratitude is super supportive for our emotional wellness because it shifts our focus to the good in our lives, and trains up to look for the positives in every situation. It gives us appreciation for all that we have instead of getting caught up with what’s lacking. To cultivate gratitude, try sharing three things you’re grateful for each day with your partner, family or housemates during dinner or before bed. You can also write a gratitude list in your journal or make a gratitude jar to put slips of paper with things you’re grateful for on them into it every day.

Looking after our emotional wellness helps us get the very most out of life. When we feel emotionally balanced, we feel more centered and connected to our intuition. We become more productive, better at making decisions, more present, and the very best version of ourselves.

 

 

 

source:

http://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-17394/5-habits-of-emotionally-balanced-people.html

Do you sometimes feel like the Energizer Bunny when his battery runs low? You might start the day strong, but by mid afternoon, you can’t quite keep going and going.

Fatigue afflicts everyone at one time or another. Assuming your doctor has ruled out serious medical causes, there are a few basic steps you can take to “recharge your batteries.”

1. Pace yourself.

If you’re a go-getter, you probably like to keep going — but don’t risk overtaxing yourself. You can pace yourself and still get things done. For example, instead of burning through all your “battery life” in two hours, spread it out among morning tasks, afternoon tasks, and evening activities — with rest and meals in between.

2. Take a walk or a nap.

 

 

There’s nothing more satisfying than a short power nap when you’re pooped out. However, if you have trouble sleeping at night, know that napping can make insomnia worse. If that’s the case for you, get moving instead. Get up and walk around the block, or just get up and move around. If you are not an insomniac, though, enjoy that 20- to 30-minute power nap.

 

3. Skip most supplements.

 

 

You may have heard about energy-boosting or “anti-aging” supplements. There is no evidence they work.

• DHEA.
• There is no evidence that DHEA offers any real benefits, and the side effects remain a question mark. You especially shouldn’t be buying it from ads in the back of a magazine, because you don’t know what’s in it.
• Iron.
• Iron only improves energy if you are clearly deficient, which a doctor can check with a blood test. Unless you are low in iron, you don’t need to take it — and getting too much iron can be harmful.
• B vitamins.
• It is true that B vitamins (B₁, B₂, B₆, B₁₂) help the body convert food into the form of energy that cells can burn, but taking more B vitamins doesn’t supercharge your cells. That’s a myth.

4. Fuel up wisely.

 

 

A sugary roll from the bakery delivers plenty of calories, but your body tends to metabolize them faster, and then you can end up with sinking blood sugar and fatigue. You’ll maintain a steadier energy level by eating lean protein and unrefined carbohydrates. Try low-fat yogurt with a sprinkling of nuts, raisins, and honey. Your body will take in the carb-fiber-protein mix more gradually. Don’t skip meals, either. Your body needs a certain number of calories to get through the day’s work. It’s better to space your meals out so your body gets the nourishment it needs all through the day.

A “must have” skill for the 21st Century

 

 

Accelerated learning is a method of learning that helps you organize, arrange and assimilate information at rapid speeds.

Ever since the creation of the printing press, it’s hard to argue with the fact, that most of the information we are exposed to on a daily basis is presented to us in the written word.

With the ever increasing influence and expansion of web multimedia services, the written word is somewhat losing a little ground, however it is still the most prevalent and popular way of presenting information in the modern era. Although it can be argued that it is also the number #1 culprit of the societal epidemic known to us as information overload. This epidemic is sweeping the world and putting extensive pressure on information gatherers who are doing their very best to try and make sense of the world.

Given this, it is critical that we learn to collect, absorb and completely assimilate the written word in a way that will save us time, energy and also our sanity. 

Today we will delve into the intricate details of reading and break down the speed reading process, including a step-by-step explanation on how to utilize a combination of speed reading and complimentary study skills to obtain a thorough and comprehensive understanding of an entire textbook. We will also take a closer look at a subconscious process of Photo Reading, which can enhance your learning and understanding of information at a profoundly deeper unconscious level of awareness. And finally, we will present you with some examination, study tips and strategies that incorporate the Photo and Speed Reading accelerated learning principles.

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Reading Facts, Stats, Methods and Benefits

From a very young age, we are conditioned and trained to assimilate the written word in a variety of different ways.

The vast majority of us are first taught the methods of pronunciation one letter of the alphabet at a time. Next, we are introduced to short words and instructed to pronounce each letter of the word as an individual character before verbalizing the word as a whole.

As we grow older, and gain more experience with reading, we naturally progress to larger words and learn to verbalize them in whole chunks, which essentially enhances and improves our speed of reading. However for the vast majority of the population, this is where our reading progression essentially stops in its tracks, and this sets up a lifelong pattern of inefficient reading habits that present us with ineffective strategies for assimilating large amounts of information into our psyche.

Key Reading Facts and Stats

Here are some interesting statistics about reading:

• The average reader only reads 150 words per minute (wpm).
• Only 5% of readers read more than 400 wpm.
• Most of us can only assimilate what we hear when it is presented at 250 wpm.
• Most of us can assimilate what we see at 2,000 to 10,000 wpm.
• 4% to 11% of the text you read carries 80% of the meaning.

Two Methods of Accelerated Reading

Throughout this post we will be discussing two specific methods of accelerated reading that will help you to improve your assimilation, comprehension and understanding of the information you are studying.

Here is a quick look at the two principles of Photo Reading and Speed Reading.

Speed Reading Principles

Speed reading involves the process of skimming, chunking, identifying and filtering specific pieces of information in order to accelerate learning.

You skim over information in a way that will allow you to acquire an overall picture of the topic without losing yourself within the meticulous details.

You would chunk relevant aspects of this information together, following the same process you utilize when chunking individual letters into words. This helps to absorb sentences and paragraphs in quick succession. You would likewise identify or filter out aspects of the information you are reading that aren’t relevant or necessary to further your understanding of the topic.

Given all this, it is important to understand that speed reading isn’t just about reading quickly. It rather involves an analysis process of information assimilation that will accelerate your ability to learn information quickly.

PhotoReading Principles

PhotoReading involves a pre-conscious level of awareness that naturally stimulates creativity, rapid information assimilation while opening the doors to non-judgmental learning.

While PhotoReading, you are essentially shutting-off the conscious critical mind from the learning cycle.

Even though the conscious mind is essential for stimulating your short and long-term memory, it however can become a hindrance due to its habitual preconceived ideas and notions about the information you are learning.

Benefits of Accelerated Reading

Learning to read at an accelerated and rapid speed utilizing the methods described within this post and mind map, can dramatically reduce your study time and efforts, while enhancing your speed of comprehension and assimilation of new information.

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Principles of Speed Reading

Speed reading is far more than just a process of rapid reading. It rather involves an intricate method of learning that will help you to become a smarter and more effective learner.

Within this section we will break down the speed reading process in detail, providing you with essential guidelines that will help you to rapidly assimilate this method of learning into your study regime. We will also overview the two processes of learning that incorporate the methods of speed reading to help you assimilate information at a faster rate.

Speed Reading Uses

As previously mentioned, speed reading is a conscious process of accelerated learning that is best utilized for skimming large chunks of information in a structured and proactive way.

Speed Reading Guidelines

There are some simple yet fundamental rules for speed reading that we must abide by if we seek to rapidly accelerate our learning ability and get the most out of this study technique.

Learn to utilize and apply each of these methods progressively and you will begin to rapidly accelerate your speed of reading to ever higher levels. The key however is to be patient. You will not learn these skills overnight.

Years of reading and learning from an early age have conditioned you into specific patterns and habits of information assimilation that you will progressively need to breakaway from. It simply takes time and diligent effort. However, if you commit yourself and stay disciplined throughout this process, then you will no doubt be rewarded for your efforts.

Read in Chunks and Blocks

As kids we learned to chunk letters into whole words. As a speed reader we must now take this process to the next level and begin chunking individual words into multiple word blocks that must be read as a whole.

These word blocks can then be chunked further into larger word blocks, sentence blocks, and later whole paragraph chunks that can be read and comprehended within a single glance.

If you are not familiar with this process, then it might at first seem like a daunting task. However, you must remember that when you were a child, chunking letters into words at first seemed rather difficult, however you persisted and learned how to read more proficiently.

Simply begin by reading chunks of two words at one time. Once you become comfortable with this method of reading, take it to the next level and read in three and then four word chunks. Over time, your conscious brain will adjust to this process and you will see a rapid increase in the speed of you reading.

Every time you progress to a larger chunk, you are effectively accelerating your reading speed anywhere from 50% to 75%.

Use Incomplete Sentence Scanning Method

This method assumes that the first and last two to three words of every sentence are not significant or important to the underlying meaning of the entire sentence. You can therefore simply skim over these words without reading them, and you will still acquire a comprehensive understanding of the content.

Using this method, you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 10% to 20%.

Only Move Eyes while Reading

Have you ever seen a typewriter in action? It moves from left to right, and when it reaches the edge of the page, it is pushed left once again. This is in essence how some people read. They are suffering from the Typewriter Reading Syndrome, moving their head left to right then right to left as though their book stretched across the entire horizon. 

Did you know that any movement of your head will slow down your reading speed quite dramatically? This is why it is suggested that you only move and rotate your eyes back and forth across the page while you are reading.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 20% to 30%.

You can further accelerate your reading speeds by incorporating your peripheral vision. Your peripheral vision will allow you to see more of the page in one glance without having to move your eyes across the page left to right. In fact, the most proficient speed readers actually only move their eyes down the center of a page, while incorporating their peripheral vision to capture words and phrases that lie off-center.

Sweep Hand Across Page while Reading

When it comes to speed reading, it is important to guide your eyes across and down a page at a patterned speed and rhythm. The best way to do this is to use your hand as a guiding pointer progressively leading your eyes down the page.

Think of your hand as a guide dog leading a blind person down the street. Wherever the guide dog points, that is where your eyes must follow.

Establishing a rhythm is also very important here, as it will allow you to progressively increase your reading speed over time.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 10% to 100%, depending on how effective you become with assimilating yourself into the rhythm of your hand motion.

Reduce Amount of Skip-backs

We naturally slowdown our speed of reading because of simple skip-backs, which involves rereading words and sentences over and over again.

Many of us partake in this time wasting habit, because as children we were told by our teachers that we must go back and reread words that were mispronounced.

As adults, even though we don’t normally verbalize these words aloud, we nevertheless still utilize skip-backs as an unconscious way of righting the wrongs of incorrect word pronunciations.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 25% to 50%.

Reduce Fixation Time

Throughout the reading process, many of us have an unfortunate habit of staying fixated upon a word for an extended period of time. This was okay when we were children learning to read and to recognize word patterns. However, as adults, this habit dramatically slows down the reading process.

The next time while reading a book, identify if you have a habit of staying fixated upon certain words for longer then is necessary. Only once you have become aware of this habit, can you make the necessary changes to overcome it successfully.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 10% to 50%.

Don’t Move Lips or Make Noises while Reading

When we were kids, we were taught to read and say our words aloud so that our teachers could hear our pronunciations clearly and make the necessary corrections accordingly. This was fine, as it taught us language skills that have since become indispensable to our ongoing social growth and development. However, the downside of this method of teaching is that we continue to pronounce our words internally, or through simple methods of moving our lips, while we are reading.

Our eyes can recognize words and sentence structures far more quickly then we can articulate them aloud. Hence, if you are verbalizing the words you are reading inside your head or through the process of just moving your lips, then you are dramatically slowing down your speed of reading.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 50% to 250%.

Don’t Read Filler Words

Filler words are essentially meaningless words that add very little substance to the overall sentence you are reading.

Filler words can include “the”, “and”, “is”, “that”, “this”, “what”, “a”, and many others. Through practice you can teach yourself to quickly skim over these words without ever consciously reading them.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 50% to 100%.

Alternate Your Reading Speed

As you progress forward with these speed reading guidelines, it is important to test and move out of your comfort zone by progressively challenging yourself to read at faster accelerated speeds.

All of us have a natural comfort level of reading that feels just right. Once we go beyond these comfort levels our comprehension and understanding of the information we are reading naturally begins to plummet. However, we must come to understand that this is only temporary, as our brain takes a little time to adjust to these increased speeds of reading and comprehension.

When you were a child your initial reading speeds weren’t very impressive, in fact it might have taken you a whole 30 seconds to read a short sentence from a book. However, at the time, this felt comfortable and it allowed you to fully grasp and comprehend the information you were reading. In time, you accelerated your speed of reading to a new level of comfort that you experience today. And there is nothing stopping you from transitioning to the next level by testing and challenging your reading speeds on an ongoing basis.

Using this method you can effectively accelerate your reading speed anywhere from 10% to a 1,000% or more.

Form Mental Visual Mind Maps while Reading

In order to improve your comprehension of the information you are reading, it is important to form ongoing visual mind map images of each sentence, paragraph, topic and chapter throughout the reading process.

This topic is beyond the scope of our discussion as it doesn’t specifically relate to the process of speed reading. However as a general rule, it is important to incorporate as many methods and strategies for comprehension as possible.

Practice, Practice and Practice Some More

Finally, you will not improve your reading speed by thinking about these techniques and strategies. The key is to practice, practice and practice each and everyday. Through consistent practice over time you will progressively accelerate your reading speed beyond its present capabilities and limitations.

SQ3R Process of Learning

This is a simple method of learning that will help you to assimilate the information you are studying in a more structured and effective way.

I have presented it here, because a part of this process requires you to speed read through the information you are learning. 

Survey Stage

This stage involves taking in a thorough overview of the material you are about to learn. Here you must make sure that you have all your necessary tools and resources on hand before you begin moving through the survey stage.

Begin by overviewing your material, taking into consideration keywords, topics, headings, chapters and other important pieces of information that will be relevant to your understanding of this topic.

Question Stage

This stage involves questioning the material you are about to read in a way that will expand your perspective and understanding of the topic.

The better and more insightful questions you ask, the more thoroughly you will prepare your mind for the learning process.

At this stage, it doesn’t matter if you cannot answer these questions, all that matters is that you open your mind to the possibilities that these questions will need to be answered as you move through your learning regime.

Keep in mind that your questions must highlight important unanswered aspects of the information that are critical to your understanding of each topic.

Reading Stage

Here you will spend time speed reading through the material by following the guidelines discussed above and by utilizing the methods and strategies that will be mentioned further down this post.

As you are speed reading it is important to keep in mind the questions you posed yourself within the previous stage. You should essentially be looking for answers to these questions while you read through the material.

Reciting Stage

This stage involves answering any outstanding questions and organizing the information you have read in a way that will help you to further your understanding of the topic or subject area.

Review Stage

The final stage helps you to lock the information you have been learning into your long-term memory.

Spend time reviewing the information you have collected using your seven intelligences or sensory learning skills in order to lock everything away for future recall.

Speed Reading Book Analysis Process

Finally, let’s quickly touch on a simple method you can utilize in order to rapidly assimilate the content of a single book in quick succession using speed reading strategies as well as other accelerated learning skills.

As you move through this process it is important that you stick with the time constraints presented below. They are there to guide you through an accelerated form of learning that moves through time specific stages that must be adhered to for best results.

This process presents a very powerful method for cramming before examinations, as it will assist you with assimilating large chunks of content in much less time then you normally would when reading a book from cover-to-cover.

Index Analysis Stage

Your first objective is to gather an overview of what the content of this book is about.

Take your book and spend two to three minutes just scanning the index pages. Keep an eye out for unfamiliar words and word patterns that signify specific themes and issues that will be discussed in further detail throughout the text.

As a general guideline, keep in mind that the more unfamiliar words you identify through the Index Analysis Stage, the longer it will naturally take you to thoroughly learn and grasp the topics presented within the book.

It may also be a good idea to highlight some key unfamiliar words and word theme patterns as you move through this process.

Overview Information Stage

Your next objective is to quickly overview the contents of the book in order to grasp a thorough understanding of the information and the difficulty of the material you are about to learn.

This stage will assist you with identifying important patterns within the information, thusly allowing you to take study shortcuts as you progress through the learning cycle.

You should effectively be spending five to ten minutes quickly perusing the book from cover-to-cover.

As you are moving through each page of the book, keep an eye out (even make a few notes) for key diagrams, pictures, graphs, major headings, subheadings, bolded text, bullet points, patterns within the information and its overall structure. The more thoroughly you are able to make sense of all these elements, the quicker you will be able to assimilate all of this information into your long-term memory.

Quick Scanning Stage

Here you should spend about seven seconds per page just scanning the content and material of each chapter in a little more detail.

As you are undertaking this process ask yourself “How…? When…? What…? Why…? Who…? questions to help you further clarify the relevance and importance of the information you are about to learn.

It can be helpful to jot down some important questions that come to mind on a piece of paper as you are progressing through this stage. The better quality of questions you are able to bring to mind about this material, the more thoroughly you will prepare your mind for the speed reading and learning stages that follow.

Sketching Analysis Stage

Having now overviewed the content of the book using three different methods, you are now ready to begin sketching out your knowledge about the material through the use of diagrams, pictures, and mind maps.

Throughout this stage, it is still very important to keep asking insightful and thought provoking questions about the material in order to stimulate your thinking and creativity.

Approach the book one chapter at a time and begin sketching out your knowledge and understanding of the material in three minute intervals per chapter.

By the end of this stage you will have quite a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the topics presented within the book. Moreover, the ongoing associations you are forming will enhance your ability to piece the information together far more thoroughly then when simply reading the book.

Speed Reading Stage

I suppose this stage doesn’t require any explanation as we have already discussed the process in detail.

As a general rule, you should spend about 30 seconds per page reading through the chapters of the book.

You will find that your understanding of the material is quite extensive at this point because you have already gone through the book four prior times using different comprehension methods.

Stick to the time limits, however focus a little more time on areas that are difficult to understand or comprehend.

At the conclusion of each chapter you may also like to add a little more information to the diagrams and mind maps you created within the Sketching Analysis Stage.

Review and Learning Stage

The final stage simply involves reviewing what you have learned in a way that will allow you to lock the information away into your long-term memory.

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Principles of PhotoReading

PhotoReading is an accelerated learning method first presented by Paul Scheele. It involves a somewhat mysterious process of learning that taps into the unlimited powers and resources of our unconscious minds to help accelerate our learning ability by improving our memory and recall of information.

Within this section we will briefly introduce you to the methods and principles behind the process of PhotoReading. This is by no means intended to be a thorough analysis, but rather an overview of an intriguing method of learning that is rapidly growing in popularity.

On a personal level, I have used this process to some extent and have experienced some rather surprising and welcoming results.

It is best not to judge the process, but rather practice this method of learning for a few weeks or months without any preconceived expectations. The PhotoReading process only works if you let go of your inhibitions and step into it wholeheartedly with an open mind.

Before proceeding, it is important to understand that our unconscious mind remembers absolutely every single visual experience that we have ever perceived.

Just because we cannot remember something, does not mean that it never existed.

Your unconscious mind is essentially a storehouse of all the sensory stimuli that ever touched your life experience. This is why within a deep hypnotic trance people are able to remember incredible details from their past that they never actually took the time to consciously acknowledge.

This unconscious information lies dormant within our brains until it is brought forward into our conscious mind as a result of life triggers that stimulate associative memories about people, events and circumstances.

PhotoReading works on the same principles by instilling a deep learning state of unconscious awareness that can later be brought into the forefront of our minds on the conscious level.

Let’s now take a look at it in a little more detail.

PhotoReading Uses

PhotoReading is best utilized for rapid unconscious level learning that expands creativity and assists with problem solving.

PhotoReading Guidelines

Before undergoing the PhotoReading process it is important to keep in mind the following set of guidelines:

Gain Clarity About Your Goals and Objectives

For PhotoReading to be successful you must first clarify the goals and objectives that you seek to obtain as you undergo the PhotoReading process. Only once you are clear on your primary goals and objectives, should you move forward.

Stay Focused and Relaxed

Focus and relaxation are the two key fundamental aspects of the PhotoReading process that will help you to sink into a deep state of unconscious awareness that is necessary for accelerated learning. This essentially requires shutting out all external sounds and distractions, while slowly moving beyond conscious repetitive thoughts that tend to sweep through our heads.

Hold Book at 45 Degree Angle

Before beginning the PhotoReading process you must sink yourself into a comfortable seating position and hold the text book you will be PhotoReading at a 45 degree angle in front of you at a comfortable reading distance.

Utilize Photo Focus

Getting into a Photo Focus State is explained in great depth within Paul Scheele’s Photo Reading audio course. However, for the purpose of this discussion it basically involves centering your focus and attention on the middle groove of the open text book you are about to PhotoRead. By groove I mean the middle central margin that connects all of the pages of the book together, which is only visible when the book is open in front of you.

While your focus and attention is directed upon this groove, you must work on creating a fuzzy vision of sorts, while expanding your peripheral awareness of the two pages that are laid out in front of you.

It is important to understand, that you will not at any time be consciously reading specific words from a page. Instead, you will be reading at an unconscious level of awareness, thusly the reason for the fuzzy vision.

For best results, the Photo Focus State also requires that you fix your attention on the top back part of your head while you are PhotoReading.

Utilizing Affirmations

In order to help you to develop the right frame-of-mind, it is important to utilize a few powerful affirmations to assist with getting into a deeper PhotoReading state:

As I PhotoRead my concentration is absolute.

All that I PhotoRead makes a lasting impression on my inner mind.

I desire this book to help me accomplish my purpose of…

I am fully absorbing and assimilating this material into my being.

Stick to Time Constraints

Within the next section, I will briefly touch upon the PhotoReading process. Please be aware, that some of these steps are time specific, and that it is highly recommended that you stay within these time constraints for best results.

Do Not Judge or Rationalize

Finally, the biggest drawback to standard conscious levels of learning is that it is riddled with rationalizations and judgments.

Because we have a tendency to judge and rationalize the information we are learning, this indirectly influences our beliefs, values, self concept and the decisions we make about our learning in unexpected and at times unresourceful ways. This likewise tends to inhibit our natural learning ability and creative self-expression. This is why it is very important and critical that throughout the PhotoReading process that you do not rationalize or judge the method or the potential results.

PhotoReading Book Analysis Process

The following is an abbreviated overview of the PhotoReading process:

Preparation Stage

Before undertaking PhotoReading one must become clear on the goals and objectives one seeks to obtain by undergoing this process. You must essentially gain clarity on your most important learning objectives.

Ask yourself the following set of questions:

What do I expect to know or do differently after PhotoReading this material?

How important is this information to me?

What specific value does this information have for me?

What level of detail am I seeking to gain from this material?

How much time am I willing to commit to accomplish my purpose?

Preview Stage

This stage incorporates the Overview and Scanning Stages described within the speed reading section.

Your most important objective here is to ask insightful questions that expand your understanding and awareness about this material, while identifying 20 to 25 key trigger-words that are essential to your comprehension of this information.

Spend about five to ten minutes moving through this stage. Once complete ask yourself the following three questions:

What is this information really about?

Does this information fit my current purpose and outcomes?

In what ways must I further clarify my purpose and outcome to better fit the content I am about to PhotoRead?

PhotoReading Stage

Follow the PhotoReading guidelines presented above and begin to PhotoRead through the book at a rate of two seconds per page.

It is suggested that you PhotoRead from the front cover to the back cover, and then from the back cover to the front cover, while chanting a mantra that will put you into a deeper state of relaxation.

A good relaxing mantra to begin with involves a simple yet continuous “Hmmm…” or “Ahhh…”.

Incubation and Activation Stage

This stage involves the process of fully assimilating the information you have just taken into your unconscious mind through the PhotoReading process.

In order to encourage incubation of the material it is suggested that you sleep or meditate on the information.

Using affirmations that will assist you with triggering future insights are also of importance here. Here are a few examples:

I acknowledge the feelings I have used within this book.

I release this information for my body and inner mind to process.

I am curious how many ways my mind can demonstrate that this information is available to me.

I found through personal experience that activation is triggered when you enter a deep and relaxed state of meditation the very next day, and then ask questions of the material you PhotoRead the day before:

What is important to me about this information?

What are the main points that I must know?

What is in here that can help me regarding…?

What must I know in relation to…?

The depth of your questions will help you to unlock deeper and more meaningful insights from the information you PhotoRead the previous day.

Patience is the key, and it is critical that you do not expect to receive immediate answers.

At other times I found it helpful to ask a question and then simply physically scan the book for an answer. I was pleasantly surprised with the results, however they were inconsistent.

Questioning Stage

The final stage involves an analysis of the PhotoReading process. Here you would ask yourself a set of question that will help you to improve your PhotoReading methods the next time around.

In conclusion, please understand that there is a lot more to the PhotoReading process then what has been presented within this post. It is a rather extensive and interesting topic that we may give more time and attention to in the future.

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Accelerated Learning Study Strategies

To finish off our exploration, I thought it might be helpful to briefly discuss how you can incorporate these accelerated reading strategies to help you during exams and also for class preparation purposes.

Examination Study Strategies

The way you approach your examinations must be structured using methods presented within this post. You should effectively be looking for patterns within the information you are reading. Patterns will reveal hints and snippets of information that will help you to answer questions more effectively.

Before you begin your examination you should essentially move yourself into a deep relaxing learning state similar to the one that was presented within the PhotoReading section of this post.

The second step is to begin PhotoReading your examination paper from front to back and then from back to front, all the while following the methods presented within the PhotoReading section.

Once PhotoReading has been completed, apply the speed reading principles discussed within this post. At the same time, keep your eyes open for key pieces of information, word and question patterns. Remember that in many instances the answers to questions within your examination can be obtained from other questions presented on your examination paper. Expand your awareness and understanding that this possibility could exists, and work from there.

Finally, once you have completed the speed reading process, read at your normal pace through your examination paper one question at a time, continuously looking for specific patterns within the information.

Before Class Preparation Strategies

Before heading into a lecture it is important to prepare your brain as well as your physical notes so that you are within an ideal frame-of-mind — ready for learning.

Your first objective is to move through the PhotoReading process focusing on the chapters your teacher will be discussing in class.

Secondly, speed read through the appropriate chapters using the speed reading strategies discussed within an earlier section.

Finally, create a mind map representing the main chapter headings and subheadings of the topics under discussion.

During Class Learning Strategies

As a general rule, you should always record your lectures just in case you need to clarify the information that was discussed at a later time. Also bring your mind map into class and expand on the headings and subheadings in further detail — creating new interlinking pieces of information that will help you to gather a more thorough understanding of the topic under discussion.

During class, your number #1 objective is to do all you possibly can to chunk information into related and easily manageable categories that will help you to remember and recall the topic easily at a later time.

source:

 

How to Dramatically Increase Your Reading Speed and Improve Your Memory

1- They move on. They don’t waste time feeling sorry for themselves.
2- They keep control. They don’t give away their power.
3- They embrace change. They welcome challenges.
4- They stay happy. They don’t complain. They don’t waste energy on thing they can’t control.
5- They are kind, fair, and unafraid to speak up. They don’t worry about pleasing other people.
6- They are willing to take calculated risks. They weigh the risks and benefits before taking action.
7- They invest their energy in the present. They don’t dwell on the past.
8- They accept full responsibility for their past behavior. They don’t make the same mistake over and over.
9- They celebrate other people’s success. They don’t resent that success.
10- They are willing to fail. They don’t give up after failing. They see every failure as a chance to improve.

11- They enjoy their time alone. They don’t fear being alone.
12- They are prepared to work and succeed on their own merits. They don’t feel the world owes them anything.
13- They have staying power. They don’t expect immediate results.
14- They evaluate their core beliefs and modify as needed.

15- They expend their mental energy wisely. They don’t spend time on unproductive thoughts.
16- They think productively. They replace negative thoughts with productive thoughts.

17- They tolerate discomfort. They accept their feelings without being controlled by them.

كثيراً ما يحدث أن تدخل غرفة مليئة بالغرباء فتشعر بتسارع في نبض قلبك، أو تتوجه بالحديث لفتاة جميلة فتشعر باضطراب في الطريقة التي تتحدث بها، تتكرر مثل تلك المواقف في العمل أحياناً، ويمكن القول إن هذا الشعور بعدم الراحة والقلق من الإقدام على محادثة الآخرين هو ما يمكن أن نطلق عليه الخجل، ولكن كيف نتخلص منه؟

يمكن إرجاع الخجل إلى ثلاثة أسباب رئيسية، قد تكون كلها متواجدة بنسب مختلفة بين كل شخص وآخر، وهي:

– الإدراك الزائد للذات، وخاصة في المواقف الاجتماعية.

– التقييم السلبي للنفس، وكيف ترى عيوبك.

– التركيز الزائد في الجوانب السلبية من شخصيتك وإدراكك الزائد للأشياء التي تفعلها بطريقة خاطئة.

وهذه بعض النصائح التي قد تفيدك في التخلص من بعض الحرج والخجل الذي تشعر به في تلك المواقف:

1) عليك تفهم طبيعة مشاعر الخجل التي تصيبك، أن تعرف متى تخجل وأي نوع من الخجل يصيبك، وهي نقطة أساسية في بداية العلاج.

2) أن تحول إدراكك الزائد بالنفس إلى وعي بالنفس، واعلم أن الناس من حولك منشغلون بأنفسهم غالباً أكثر مما هم منشغلون بالنظر إليك وتحليل تصرفاتك.

3) ابحث عن مناطق القوة التي تتمتع بها، فلكل منا صفات تميزه عن الآخرين ومناطق قوة يتميز بها وطريقة فريدة تخص كل منا في التعبير عن نفسه، وعليك أن تتصالح وتتقبل حقيقة ما أنت عليه، وعليك بالتركيز على الأشياء التي تجيدها لتفكر فيها دائماً.

4) تعلم أن تحب نفسك، وأن تحب الطريقة الفريدة التي تخصك في التعبير عن ذاتك، أكثر من عمل النشاطات التي تبهجك وتشعرك بالسعادة.

5) لا تحاول أن تقلد الطريقة التي يندمج بها الآخرون مع الحدث، فمحاولة مواكبة الآخرين قد تكون مرهقة وغير مجدية، واكتفِ بأن تكون على طبيعتك تماماً قدر ما تستطيع.

6) حاول أن تنشغل بالتفكير في الآخرين والطريقة التي يتحدثون بها بدلاً من أن تنشغل بنفسك فقط، وحاول أن تجعل الناس تتكلم عن نفسها بدلاً من أن تكون أنت محور الحديث.

7) قلل من التوتر والقلق من خلال تنظيم التنفس، وإحدى هذه الطرق أن تتنفس بعمق وأنت مغمض العينين وأن تركز في تلك اللحظة على تنفسك فقط دون أن تفكر في شيء آخر.

8) من الأسباب التي تزيد من القلق والتوتر وجود طاقة تحتاج أن تنطلق، فأينما أتيح لك أن تتحرك افعل ذلك، لأنه يقلل من القلق بشكل كبير.

9) تخيل المواقف قبل حدوثها ربما يعطيك فرصة جيدة للظهور في الموقف الحقيقي بشكل جيد، اغمض عينيك وتخيل نفسك في المكان الذي أنت ذاهب إليه وأنك سعيد هناك، حاول أن تتخيل المكان والأصوات والروائح، يمكن أن يساعدك ذلك كثيراً عندما تصل إلى هناك.

10) لا تترك موقفاً محرجاً في منتصفه، لان الهروب لا يقلل من الخجل بل يجعله يزداد.

11) عليك أن تتقبل الرفض عندما يحدث، لأنه ببساطة جزء من الحياة وموقف يتعرض له الجميع، ولا تأخذ الأمر أبداً بشكل شخصي، وعليك أن تبحث عن الدرس الذي استفدته عقب كل تجربة رفض تتعرض إليها، ثم أخيراً أن تتعلم كيف تستمر دون النظر الزائد والتفكير في موقف الرفض الذي تعرضت له.

12) توقف عن اعتبار نفسك شخصاً خجولاً، ولا تكرر ذلك كثيراً بينك وبين نفسك لأنه يزيد الأمر سوءاً فحسب.

13) درب نفسك على المواقف الاجتماعية ، فكلما تواجدت كثيراً في مواقف تستخدم فيها مهاراتك الاجتماعية كلما زاد تدريب ذاتك على التواجد في تلك المواقف، وبالتالي يقل التوتر.

14) ركز على ما تفعل وليس على نفسك، فبينما أنت في وسط تلك المحادثة، لا تفكر في مظهرك أو في انطباع الآخرين عنك، بل عليك أن تركز في العبارات والكلمات وعليك أن تندمج في الحديث وليس في تقييم الذات.

15) عندما تحقق تطوراً أو نجاحاً فيما يتعلق بالتخلص من الخجل، عليك أن ترصد نجاحاتك الصغيرة وأن تسجلها في ذاكرتك، لأنها ستكسبك الثقة في قدرتك على التغيير والاندماج بشكل صحي مع الآخرين.

من المؤكد أن موظف المستقبل سيكون على غير ما يظهر عليه موظف اليوم والأمس. وقد يبدو صحيحاً القول بأن سرعة التغيير والانتقال إلى واقع وظيفي جديد، ستتزايد على نحو مضطرد وبشكل أكبر مما نظن. لهذا، يجب عليك التنبه إلى ضرورة العمل على مواكبة كل تطور ناشئ على صعيد الإدارة أو مهارات الذات أو حتى التكنولوجيا. وإجمالاً، ينبغي عليك حيازة السمات الـ7 التالية، التي سيتميز بها موظف المستقبل:

طالب  ببيئة عمل مرنة:

 

 

لم يعد الموظفون ملزمين بالحضور إلى مكان العمل، حيث يستنزفون أوقاتهم في طريقهم إلى العمل، من أجل الجلوس في غرفة والاستغراق في العمل لفترة كاملة. فمن الأفضل إعطاء الموظفين أسباب الاستقلال وظروف مرنة للاختيار، بحيث يكونوا قادرين على العمل في أي وقت ومن أي مكان، ما دام الاتصال قائماً.

تخصيص العمل:

قم على تشكيل مساراتك الوظيفية، واختيار طبيعة المشاريع التي ستعمل عليها.

شارك المعلومات مع من حولك:

تعني عبارة: “المعرفة هي القوة” هي أن الموظفين يكتنزون المعلومات، وبهذا فلا أحد آخر يستطيع الاستفادة من أفكارهم. وللأسف، فإن هذا المفهوم لا يخدم أحداً، إذ إن الاعتقاد المجدي والمفيد، يكمن في التفكير بأن “مشاركة المعلومات هي القوة”. فالموظفون الذين يشاركون غيرهم بأفكارهم، ويعملون على استخدام التقنيات التعاونية والشبكات الاجتماعية الداخلية، ناجحون ومتطورون في حياتهم المهنية، ومرشحون للقيادة مستقبلاً.

تواصل وتعاون:

 

لم يعد البريد الإلكتروني أكثر الطرق فعالية وكفاءة للتواصل والتعاون، حيث ظهرت العديد من التقنيات الجديدة، مثل: منصات التعاون الداخلية، التي ستحل محل البريد الإلكتروني في كثير من الحالات.

حاول أن تصبح قائداً:

للمرة الأولى في تاريخ الأعمال التجارية، أتيحت فرصة فريدة للموظفين كي يصبحوا قادة في شركاتهم، وهذا من خلال تبادل الأفكار والمعلومات علناً وبشفافية مع أقرانهم ومديريهم، عبر التقنيات الناشئة.

ولم يحدث من قبل أبداً أن يكون الموظف قادراً على إنشاء شبكة خاصة به ضمن الشركة، لولا التكنولوجيا التي سمحت بذلك.

لا تعتمد على معلوماتك السابقة بل تعلم في بيئة العمل:

لتكون من أذكى الموظفين في شركتك، فإن كل ما يلزمك هو هاتف ذكي، فهو سيمنحك القدرة على تعلم أفكار جديدة، لتطبيقها في أرض الواقع. كما أن كل ما يحتاجه موظف المستقبل، هو التركيز على “تعلم كيفية التعلم”.

علم وتعلم:

عملت  الشركات التي تضع برامج وكتيبات التدريب على توجيه عملية التعلم والتعليم. وهي تعمل أيضاً على تنظيم الدورات التدريبية، من خلال ربط التكنولوجيا المهنية بالموظفين، في أي مكان وأي وقت وعلى أي جهاز. وهذا يعني أن التعلم والتعليم قد يحدث بين الموظفين دون تنظيم برامج تدريب أو توزيع كتيبات التدريب

If you suffer from anxiety, the constant, nagging feelings of worry can be troubling and hard to control. These feelings are usually intense and out of proportion to the actual troubles and dangers in your everyday life. They can make it hard to function at home, at work, or in social situations.

Anxiety can be treated with medication, but several mind-body approaches may also be effective.

 

 

Hypnosis

is sometimes used along with cognitive behavioral therapy to treat anxiety. It can help people focus their attention, rethink problems, relax, and respond to helpful suggestions. Hypnosis relies mainly on your ability to concentrate and on the trust you have in the therapist. If you are interested in hypnosis, discuss it first with your psychiatrist or psychologist. She or he can help you find a qualified practitioner.

Biofeedback

measures specific body functions, such as heartbeat or breathing, and feeds this information back to you in the form of sounds or lights. This can help you become aware of your body’s responses and learn to control them using relaxation and cognitive techniques. You can practice different relaxation techniques while attached to biofeedback equipment and get immediate sensory input about which techniques produce the desired results, such as slowing the heart rate or relaxing tense muscles. The hope is that this extra feedback helps people find — and refine — techniques that can calm the body and reduce anxiety.

Other relaxation techniques

 

that may ease anxiety include deep (diaphragmatic) breathing, visualization, and body scanning.

Deep breathing

To practice this technique, begin by finding a comfortable, quiet place to sit or lie down. Start by observing your breath. First, take a normal breath. Now try taking a slow, deep breath. The air coming in through your nose should feel as though it moves downward into your lower belly. Let your abdomen expand fully. Now breathe out through your mouth (or your nose, if that feels more natural). Alternate normal and deep breaths several times. Pay attention to how you feel when you inhale and exhale normally and when you breathe deeply. Shallow breathing often feels tense and constricted, while deep breathing produces relaxation.

Continue this for several minutes. Put one hand on your abdomen, just below your belly button. Feel your hand rise about an inch each time you inhale and fall about an inch each time you exhale. Your chest will rise slightly, too, in concert with your abdomen. Remember to relax your belly so that each inhalation expands it fully.

Try to practice this breathing technique for 15 to 20 minutes every day. You might also try shorter bouts lasting a few minutes when anxiety begins to build, to see if this feels calming.