There are many different kinds of intelligence, and it’s our job to discover what they are and how to integrate them into our lives. Sources of intelligence can be measured in quotients. Most of us are familiar with IQ, or the intelligence quotient, which is primarily associated with our ability to memorize, retrieve items from our memory, and our logical reasoning.

There’s also a new up and comer, CQ, or curiosity quotient, which refers to one’s ability to have a powerful motivation to learn a particular subject. What I spend much of my time in both research, and in working with clients and organizations on, is focusing on emotional intelligence.

The definition of emotional intelligence (as first advanced by researchers Peter Salavoy and John Mayer, but popularized by author Daniel Goleman in his seminal, eponymous book) is the ability to:

Recognize, understand and manage our own emotions.

Recognize, understand and influence the emotions of others.

In practical terms, this means being aware that emotions can drive our behavior and impact people (positively and negatively), and learning how to manage those emotions—both our own and others—especially when we are under pressure.

We are emotional creatures who often make decisions and respond to stimuli based on our emotions. As a result, our ability to grow in EQ has an enormous impact in all of our relationships, how we make decisions, and identify opportunities. EQ is enormously important. Through my work, I’ve identified 10 qualities that I believe comprise the emotionally intelligent person.

I hope you gain value from this and learn to understand the ways you can influence your mind, and the minds of others, by growing emotionally every day, in all that you do.

1. Empathy

 

“Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within their frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another’s position.”

There are two different types of empathy. This piece from the Greater Good Science Center at UC Berkeley beautifully depicts what they are:

“Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response to others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling, or just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive empathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to identify and understand other peoples’ emotions.

We empathize based on the reaction to others. What I’d also say is that empathy can be cultivated and learned through experiences. Store away in your memory those feelings that you feel both in reaction, and as you put things in perspective. Write these thoughts out, analyze them and determine how you want to treat others in the same way you’d want to be treated.

2. Self-awareness

Self-awareness is the art of understanding yourself, recognizing what stimuli you’re facing and then preparing for how to manage yourself both in a proactive and reactive manner. Self-awareness is how we see ourselves, and also how we perceive others to see us. The second, external aspect, is always the most difficult to properly assess.

 

For yourself, ask the introspective questions, yearn for knowledge and be curious. And for others, seek feedback in an honest, caring environment.

3. Curiosity

“I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” — Albert Einstein

Show me a curious person who’s willing to learn and improve, and I’ll show you a success story waiting to happen. When you’re curious, you’re passionate, and when you’re passionate you are driven to want to be your best. Your “antennae” are up to things you love, to wanting to grow and learn more. This learning mindset positively affects other areas of your life—like relationships.

 

4. Analytical mind

The most emotionally intelligent and resolute people are deep-thinkers that analyze and process all new information that comes their way. They continue to analyze old information, habits, and ways of doing things to see if they can extract ways to improve. We’re all “analysts” in the sense that we consciously think about all new information that comes our way.

Savvy EQ individuals are problem-solvers and everyday philosophers who contemplate the “why” of existence, the “why” of why we do what we do, and who care passionately about living a virtuous life. Having an analytical mind means having a healthy appetite for a continuously improving mindset geared at bettering yourself and always remaining open to new ideas.

5. Belief

A major component of maintaining emotional self-control is using the power of faith to believe in yourself both in the present and in the future. It’s believing that the people and things in your life are there for a reason and that everything will ultimately work out for good.

Faith alone will not help you. It takes action, of course. But when you combine faith with powerful values like hard work, perseverance and a positive attitude, you have formed the foundation of a champion. Every great leader and thinking uses faith, either in a practical context, emotionally and certainly spiritually.

Spend time in meditation. Think about the way you believe in yourself. Engender a greater faith in the person you are and who you want to become. And trust and believe that the pieces in your life will come together in a way that will help you live boldly and joyfully.

6. Needs and wants

The emotionally intelligent mind is able to discern between things that they need versus things that would be “nice to have” that classify more aptly as wants. A need, particularly in the context of Abraham Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs” is the basic level stuff like safety, survival, and sustenance. Once those things are met, then we can progress to other needs and of course, wants.

A “want” is a big house, nice car, and even the brand new iPhone. We do not need those things to survive, but rather we want them based on our own personal desires or what we perceive to matter to society. Become well-versed in knowing what you truly need to live, to accomplish goals and to support yourself and loved ones. Make sure you draw a very clear distinction between what it is you need, and what it is you want.

Emotionally intelligent people know the difference between these two things, and always establish needs prior to fulfilling wants.

7. Passionate

Inspired leadership and love for what you do are born from having a passion for a subject or people. People with a high EQ use their passion and purpose to ignite the engine that drives them to do what they do. This passion is infectious and contagious—it permeates all areas of their lives and rubs off on the people around them.

Passion is sort of that je ne sais quoi that when you feel it, or even when you see it in others, you simply know. Passion is a natural desire, instinct, drive, ambition and motivated love for a subject or someone. Passion brings the positive energy that helps sustain us and inspire us to want to keep going. And there’s no secret that emotionally intelligent people who are passionate are also willing to persevere and power forward no matter their circumstances.

8. Optimistic

If you want to increase your opportunities, improve your relationships and think clearly and constructively, you’re best positioned to maintain a positive attitude. Of all the things that we try to control and influence, our attitude is the primary thing that is always within our control. We can choose to live each day by being positive. It’s that simple.

“When we are happy—when our mindset and mood are positive—we are smarter, more motivated, and thus more successful. Happiness is the center, and success revolves around it.” — Shawn Achor

9. Adaptability

“Adaptability is not imitation. It means a power of resistance and assimilation.” – Mahatma Gandhi

Emotionally intelligent people recognize when to continue their course, and when it’s time for a change. This vitally import recognition and ability to make crisp, swift decisions in your best interest is called adaptability. You must determine when to stay the course, or when to keep moving forward in another direction.

Similarly, when one strategy is not working, try evaluating and determining if something else will work. From the way you treat yourself, to how you treat others, to your daily routine, always stay open-minded and be willing to adapt and introduce new elements to how you think and what you do.

Throughout your life, you’ll need to change course and make assessments on whether you’ll be happy and successful if you choose one path or another. Recognize that you can always change. You can always start over. It may not always be the most prudent or wise decision, but only you will truly know in your heart what is or what isn’t. Start with leaving the option on the table.

10. The desire to help others succeed and succeed for yourself

Last but not least, an emotionally intelligent person is interested in overall success and achievement—not just for themselves, but for their peers. Their inspired leadership and passion, combined with their optimism, drives them to want to do best for themselves and others.

Too often, we get so self-absorbed and concerned only with “What’s in it for me?” We have to be concerned about this. It’s a must, so don’t let anyone ever convince you otherwise. But in the same way that we should be focused on our self-interest, we should also maintain a spirit of desire and hope for wanting to see the people around us succeed.

Not only is this a brilliant safeguard against envy and greed, it also revitalizes our passion and drives us toward achieving our next goal. It helps us gain allies and builds powerful relationships that come back to help us in the reciprocal fashion.

 وردت هكذا مفردة مرة واحدة في سورة الانعام:

“كَالَّذِي اسْتَهْوَتْهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَيْرَانَ لَهُ أَصْحَابٌ يَدْعُونَهُ إِلَى الْهُدَى ائْتِنا”“”

والحقيقة ان هذه الآية تتحدث عن حالة فريدة ، حالة إنسان وصل إلى الله، عرف الله، وأنه لا إله إلا الله

:” قُلْ أَنَدْعُو مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنْفَعُنَا وَلَا يَضُرُّنَا وَنُرَدُّ عَلَى أَعْقَابِنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَانَا اللَّهُ كَالَّذِي اسْتَهْوَتْهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَيْرَانَ“.

 

ماذا حدث له بعد الوصول والعلم والمعرفة؟!

دخل في صراع، صراع مع الشهوات، الشهوات أغرته ” كَالَّذِي اسْتَهْوَتْهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ”..
الهوى هو الشهوة، الميل.

وينبغي أن نفرق بين الهوي والهوى
الهوي هو السقوط

والهوى هو الحب
الشيطان يستخدم سلاح الشهوات ليسقطك!

ليجعلك تهوى فتهوي
سلاح الشهوات قصير جداً، وحقير جداً، وخطير جداً، ولذا يستخدمه الشيطان

كم من بيوت ملتزمين تهدمت بسبب شهوة مواقع إباحية أو صور فاضحة، كم من أخلاق سقطت ، كم من شباب أدمنت وغوت وهوت؟
“اسْتَهْوَتْهُ الشَّيَاطِينُ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَيْرَانَ”

محتار، في حيرة، الفتن في أبهى صورة، الدنيا تتراقص أمامه، الشهوات مستمرة، الفتن في كل مكان (في يد الجميع).
وهنا يأتي دور الأصحاب!

” لَهُ أَصْحَابٌ يَدْعُونَهُ إِلَى الْهُدَى ائْتِنَا”
إنه الجليس الصالح، أنه حامل المسك.
صاحب الخير أو صحبة الخير تدعو هذا الضال: هلم إلى الطريق، هلم إلى طريق الهدى.
وهو بين استهواء الشياطين ودعاة الهدى (حيران) لا يدرى أين يتجه؟ ولا أي الفريقين يجيب !
وهذه الآية تصور مشهد الحيرة والقلق والتأرجح والاضطراب، وكم رأينا من حالات حقيقية-نسأل الله العافية- لأناس عرفوا دين الله و ذاقوه ثم انتكسوا تحت وطأة الشهوة او تحت قهر الخوف والطمع، ثم إذا هم في البؤس المرير والحيرة القاتلة.
ثم يأتى هذا التقرير القرآنى الحاسم في الظرف المناسب:

” قُلْ إِنَّ هُدَى اللَّهِ هُوَ الْهُدَىٰ ۖ وَأُمِرْنَا لِنُسْلِمَ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ”

الحيران يحتاج إلى قرار حاسم، عذاب الحيرة لا يزول إلا بالتسليم لقرار واحد حاسم وجرئ: ” هُدَى اللَّهِ هُوَ الْهُدَىٰ”.

يحتاج إلى أن يسترجع بداياته المشرقة ، إلى صحبة الخير ، إلى الصلاة فى المسجد والإعتكاف فى المسجد وقراءة القرآن فى المسجد ، يحتاج إلى فعل الخير واتيان الخير وبذل الخير .
وأنت ؟؟
كن هذا الصاحب الإيجابي، الصاحب الذى يأخذ بيد صاحبه..
كن هذا الصاحب الذى اتخذ قراره
كن الحبل الذى يتدلى أمام هذا الحيران لينقذه من التيه والضلال والحيرة.

-1 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ( ﻟﻮﻻ )

ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﺎً ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ( ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ )

ﻟﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀُ ﻟﻬﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻉ .

-2 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ( ﺃﻳﻬﺎ – ﺃﻳﺘﻬﺎ ) ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺟﺎﻣﺪﺍ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﺪﻻ
* ﺃﻧﺖ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢُ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺏ
* ﺑﻚ ﺃﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻡُ ﺗﺮﻗﻰ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ .
* ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲُ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻤﺌﻨﺔ 0

–3 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻑ ( ﺑﺄﻝ ) ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﺪﻻً ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺎً
* ﺃﻋﺠﺒﺖ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪِ
* ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐُ ﻣﺎﻫﺮٌ

-4 ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﺍً ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺎً
* ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻣﺎﻻً ﻭﺃﻋﺰ ﻧﻔﺮﺍً
* ﻣﺼﺮ ﺃﻋﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓً

-5 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻧﻌﺘﺎ ( ﺻﻔﺔ )
* ﻛﺎﻓﺄﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻗﺘﺤﻢ ﺣﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ 0

-6 ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻴﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﺘﺎً ﻟﻸﻭﻟﻰ
* ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢُ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻠﺺُ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺏ

-7 ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻧﻜﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻮﻧﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﺘﺎً ﻟﻸﻭﻟﻰ
* ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺔٌ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀُ

-8 ( ﺧﻴﺮ – ﺷﺮ ) ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﻫﻤﺰﺗﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ
* ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﺧﻴﺮُ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﺎً
* ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺧﻴﺮُ ﻣﺮﺑﻴﺎً
* ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﺷﺮُ ﺑﻼﺩِ ﺍﻷﺭﺽِ ﺳﻠﻮﻛﺎً

-9 ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ : ( ﻣﺎ ﺃﻓﻌﻠﻪ ! ) ﻭ ( ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﻪ ! ) ﻭ ( ﻟﻠﻪ ﺩﺭﻩ ! ) ،
ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺒﻲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺌﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺘﺮ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻬﺎ ، ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻛﻔﻰ ، ﻭﺣﺒﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﺣﺒﺬﺍ
ﻭﻛﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ، ﻭﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﺍً ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎً
* ﻣﺎ ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻧﺒﻴﺎً
* ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺑﻌﻠﻲ ﺇﻣﺎﻣﺎً
* ﻟﻠﻪ ﺩﺭﻩ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎً
* ﻧﻌﻢ ﻋﻤﻼً ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ
* ﻛﻔﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﻛﻴﻼً
* ﺣﺒﺬﺍ ﺃﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﺑﻨﺎً
* ﻛﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎً ﻗﺮﺃﺕ؟

-10 ( ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً – ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ) ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ
* ﺃﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪَ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻋﺮﺑﺘﺎ ﺣﺎﻻً ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ
* ﺃﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔً

-11 ( ﺑﺨﺎﺻﺔ ) ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮﺍً ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎً ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً
* ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﺑﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻠﺼﻮﻥ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺎﻻً ﺷﺒﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ
· ﺟﺌﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺑﺨﺎﺻﺔ .
** ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ .

-12 ( ﻛﺎﺩ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻬﺎ ) ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ

ﻻ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ
* ﻛﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﻮُ ﻳﺘﺤﺴﻦُ
* ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐُ ﻳﻜﺘﺐُ
** ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ * ﺃﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐُ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏَ
* ﺍﻧﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺪﺱُ ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺗﻴﻦ 0

-13 ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ( ﻣﺎ ) ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺒﻄﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻋﺪﺍ ( ﻟﻴﺖ ) ﻓﻴﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎﻝ
* ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﺧﻮﺓ
* ﻟﻴﺘﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﺃﺧﻮﺓ
* ﻟﻴﺘﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺓ
ﻓﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﻝ ” ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻠﺔ ” ﻭﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ” ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ” 0

-14 ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ : ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ – ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ – ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ – ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ” ﺣﻴﺚ , ﺃﻣﺲ , ﺍﻵﻥ , ﻣﻨﺬ , ﻣﺬ ” ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ( 11 : 19 ) ﻋﺪﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ( 12 ) ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ” ﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﻬﺎﺭ – ﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﻣﺴﺎﺀ ” ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﺪﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﻨﻰ …

-15 ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ : ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ .

-16 ” ﻛﺎﻓﺔ – ﻗﺎﻃﺒﺔ – ﻣﻌﺎً – ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎً – ﺳﻮﻳﺎً – ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺎﻻً

-17 ” ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﺁﺽ ”
” ﺣﻘﺎ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎً ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﺃﺣﻖ “

-18 ” ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً – ﺃﺑﺪﺍً – ﻗﻂ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ – ﺃﻣﺲ – ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺎً – ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎً – ﻋﻮﺽ – ﺭﻳﺜﻤﺎ – ﻋﻨﺪ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ
ﻇﺮﻭﻓﺎً ﻟﻠﺰﻣﺎﻥ
” ﺩﻭﻥ – ﺩﻭﻧﻤﺎ – ﺣﻴﺚ – ﺛﻢ – ﻟﺪﻱ – ﻭﺳﻂ – ﻟﺪﻥ – ﻫﻨﺎ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻇﺮﻭﻓﺎً ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎﻥ .

-19 ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻼ ﺑﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ
ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻨﻊ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪﻩ
* ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻴﻨﺼﺮﻥّ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻩ 0
ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻣﺮ , ﻧﻬﻲ , ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ . ﺗﻤﻨﻲ , ﺗﺮﺟﻲ , ﻋﺮﺽ , ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ
* ﻟﺘﺠﺘﻬﺪَﻥَّ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚ 0
* ﻻ ﺗﻬﻤﻠَﻦَّ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺗﻚ 0
* ﻫﻞ ﺗﻔﻬﻤﻦّ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ؟

-20 ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ :
ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ :
– ﺻﻔﺘﻪ …. ﻣﺜﻞ : ” ﺟﻴﺪﺍً – ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺎً – ﺣﺜﻴﺜﺎً – ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍً ” * ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍً * ﺳﺮﺕ ﺣﺜﻴﺜﺎً
– ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺗﻪ ….. * ﺃﻛﻠﺖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ
– ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ….. ” ﺑﻌﺾ – ﻛﻞ – ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ”
ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻞَّ ﺍﻟﺤﺐ
ﺃﺩﺑﺖ ﺃﺩﻫﻢ ﻏﺎﻳﺔَ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ .

-21 ” ﻃﻮﺑﻲ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ﺟﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ : * ﻃﻮﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ .
* ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ” ﻟﻌﻤﺮﻱ ” ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻶﻡ ﻟﻼ ﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﻭ ” ﻋﻤﺮﻱ ” :
ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺧﺒﺮﻩ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﺎً .

-22 ” ﺛﻢّ – ﺛًﻤﺔ – ﻫﻨﺎ – ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ .
ﺃﻣﺎ ” ﺛﻤﺖ ” ﻓﻬﻲ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺧﻲ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺂﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ :
* ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺛﻤﺔ ﺗﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻒ
* ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺱ 0
* ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﻝ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺛﻤﺖ ﺃﻫﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﺪﻡ

-23 ﻳﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎً ﺑﺄﻝ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﻭﺇﻻ ﺟﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ
* ﺗﺠﻮﻟﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﻉَ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓً
* ﺗﺠﻮﻟﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﺭﻉِ
* ﺗﺠﻮﻟﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻮﺍﺭﻉِ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔِ .

-24 ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻮﻗﺔ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﻻﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
* ﻳﻐﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺮﺏُ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻴﻘﺎ * ﺳﺮﺕ ﻭﻃﻠﻮﻉَ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮِ .

-25 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺒﻲ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ
* ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﻦ * ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻋﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻮﺓ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻪ .

-26 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﺍً ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ
ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ
* ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻱ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ * ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺼﺮﻱ ﻣﻮﻃﻨﺎً * ﻋﻤﺮ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ .

-27 ” ﺑﺤﺴﺒﻚ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﺣﺴﺒﻚ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺭﺓ .
* ﺑﺤﺴﺒﻚ ﺟﻨﻴﻪ .

-28 ” ﺭﺏ ” ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺭﺓ , ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤﺬﻑ
ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ” ﻭﺍﻭ ” ﻭﻳﺒﻘﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ .
* ﺭﺏ ﺭﺟﻞٍ ﻣﺆﻣﻦٍ ﻟﻘﻴﺘﻪ
* ﻭﻟﻴﻞٍ ﻛﻤﻮﺝِ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮِ
** ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻄﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ
* ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻊُ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﺭُ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﺎﺀَ .

-29 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ”
– ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﺍً ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﻟﻴﻪ
– ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻳﻤﺘﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ .
* ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻭﻃﻨﻴﺎً / ﻭﻃﻨﻲٌّ / ﻭﻃﻨﻲٍّ
* ﺃﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ’ / ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔٍ

-30 ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ” ﺭﺃﻱ ” ﻳﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ” ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﺔ ”
* ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ’ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺓَ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔً
ﻭ ﻳﺘﻌﺪﻯ ﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻟﻴﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ” ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ ”
* ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ’ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢَ ﻧﺎﻓﻌﺎً .

-31 ” ﺃﻻ ” ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ” ﺃﻥ ” ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﻴﺔ , ﻭ ” ﻻ ” ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻣﺠﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ , ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ : * ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻬﻤﻞ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺗﻚ .

-32 ” ﺇﻻ ” ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ” ﺇﻥ ” ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ ﻭ ” ﻻ ” ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻣﺠﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ” ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺘﻢ ﺯﻋﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻫﻠﻚ .
” ﻫﻠﻚ ” ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﻳﻔﻌﻞ “

-33 ” ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ – ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ – ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺀ ” ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﻟﻠﻨﺼﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ
* ﻛﺮﻣﻨﻲ ﻃﻼﺑﻲ * ﻋﻠﻤﺘﻚ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏَ * ﺃﻓﻬﻤﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮَ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ *. ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ ﻟﻄﻼﺑﻲ

-34 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ .. ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻲ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑـ ” ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ” ؟ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺎﻻً
* ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺘﺠﻬﻤﺎً؟ * ﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﻬﻤﻞ ﺩﺭﺳﻪ؟
-35 ” ﺃﻥ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻓﺎً ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ .
* ﻓﺮﺣﺖ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﺇﻟﻲ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﻪ .
-36 ” ﺃﻥ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ . * ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﻴﺮ .
-37 ” ﺇِﻥْ ” ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ , ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ” ﺇﻻ ” ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ .
* ﺇﻥْ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻛﺮﻳﻢ .

-38 ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﻭﺃﺷﺒﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺍﺕ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ , ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝ .
* ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬﺍً ﻳﺒﻜﻲ * ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ .

-39 ” ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ – ﻛﺜﺮﻣﺎ – ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ” ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻭ ” ﻣﺎ ” ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ , ﺛﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ .

“-40 ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ : ” ﺍﻟﻠﻪ : ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ , ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻮﺿﺎً ﻋﻦ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺬﻭﻓﺔ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ

-41 ” ﻛﻢ ” ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺃﻭﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ .

” ﻛﻢ ” ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻓﻴﺠﻮﺯ ﺟﺮ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ .

* ﻛﻢ ﺃﺑﻄﺎﻝٍ ﺿﺤﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﺼﺮ , * ﻛﻢ ﺑﻄﻞٍ ﺿﺤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﻣﺼﺮ 0
* ﻛﻢ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ؟

-42 ” ﺃﺥ – ﺃﺏ – ﺣﻢ – ﻓﻮ – ﺫﻭ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ” ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﻣﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ومكبرة وأن تكون فو خالية من الميم ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺗﺠﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ .
* ﺣﻀﺮ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ * ﺃﻛﺮﻣﺖ ﺃﺑﺎﻙ * ﺃﻋﺠﺒﺖ ﺑﺄﺑﻴﻚ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺿﻴﻔﺖ ﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻳﻪ .
* ﺃﺑﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﻢ * ﺇﻥ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﻢ * ﺃﻋﺠﺒﺖ ﺑﺄﺑﻲ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺑﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ *. ” ﺇﻥ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺑﺎً ﺷﻴﺨﺎً ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍً ”
-43 ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﻴﺮﺍً ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮﺍً ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﺎً ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ
ﻣﺘﺼﻼً ﺑﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ .
* ﺃﻧﺠﺒﺖ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ . * ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺓ ﺃﻗﻠﻌﺖ .
-44 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻏﻴﺮ ” ﻟﻮﻻ – ﺃﻱ ” ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺑﻌﺪﻩ *. ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻧﺸﻘﺖ .
-45 ” ﻟﻤﺎ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ . * ” ﺇﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ”
-46 ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ” ﻣﺎ ” ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ . * ﻟﻢ ﺃﻫﻤﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ؟
-47 ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ : ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻴﺲ , ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ” ﺇﻥ ” ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻭ ” ﺇﻻ ” ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ , ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﻜﺮﺭ ” ﻣﺎ ” ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ , ﻭﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ .
* ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﻣﻐﻠﻮﺑﺎً * ” ﻭﻣﺎ ﺭﺑﻚ ﺑﻈﻼﻡ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﻴﺪ ”
-48 ” ﺃﻱ ” ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ . * ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﺠﻴﻦ ﺃﻱ ﻓﻀﺔ .
49 – ” ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ” – ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ – ﺑﺄﺟﻤﻌﻬﻢ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪﺍً ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺎً ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻟﻔﻈﺎ
* ﺭﺃﻳﺖُ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ .
-50 ” ﺍﺑﻦ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﺻﻔﺔ ﻭﻳﺤﺬﻑ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﻟﻴﻪ *. ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ .
-51 ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺑﺔ : ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ” ﻭﺍ ” ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺑﺔ , ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً , ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﻺﻃﻼﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻒ * ﻭﺍ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﺎﻩ . ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﺑﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺠﻊ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﺕ .
-52 ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﺎﺛﺔ : ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺷﺪﺓ ﻭﻧﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﺍﺓ ” ﻳﺎ ” ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ : ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ، ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻐﺎﺙ
ﺑﻪ : ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﺑﻼﻡ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻐﺎﺙ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﺑﻼﻡ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ * ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻘﺘﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻙ .
-53 ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ :
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺧﺒﺮﺍً ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺣﺎﻻً ﻻ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻏﻀﺒﺎﻥ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﻇﻨﻨﺘﻚ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﻧﻲ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﻧﻌﺘﺎ ﺃﻗﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺣﺠﺮﺍﺗﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﺎً ﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻧﺎً ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ * ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻘﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻧﺎﺟﺢ .
* ” ﺇﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻫﻢ ﻳﺴﺨﻄﻮﻥ ”
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ * ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﻭﻳﺮﻓﻊ .
-54 ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ :
* ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﻧﻔﺔ ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ , ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻣﺸﺮﻗﺔ .
* ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﻲ – ﺭﺣﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ – ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺎً .
* ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻛﺮﻣْﺖ ’ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪ .
* ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﺓ ﻧﻈﺮﺕ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺷﺰﺭﺍً ﺃﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻘﺮﺗﻪ .
* ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺯﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﺳﻚ ﻧﺠﺤﺖ .
ﺃﻭ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ . ﺇﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﺴﻌﺪ
* ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻷﻧﺠﺰﻥّ ﻭﻋﺪﻱ .
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻻﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺟﻠﺲ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﻡ ﺃﺧﻮﻩ .
-55 ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﺇﺫ – ﺇﺫﺍ – ﺣﻴﺚ – ﺣﻴﻦ ” ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺟﺮ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ .
-56 ” ﻣﺬ – ﻣﻨﺬ ” ﻳﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﺠﺮ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻣﺎ ﻥ
* ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﺭﻧﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ .
ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﺎً ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺎً .
* ﻣﺎ ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﺷﻌﺮﺍً ﻣﻨﺬ ﻫﺒﻂ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ .
-57 ﻛﻼّ : ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺭﺩﻉ ﻭﺯﺟﺮ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ .
-58 ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ” ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ” ﺃﻭ ” ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ” ﺃﻭ ” ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ” ﻭﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ , ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺃﻭﺟﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ
* ﺳﺮﻧﻲ ﺃﻧﻚ ﻧﺎﺟﺢ . * ” ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﻴﺮ ’ ﻟﻜﻢ ”
-59 ﻟﻜﻦْ : ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻄﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺨﻔﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً
ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ . * ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻗﻀﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪﻳﻦ .
-60 ” ﺍﺛﻨﺎﻥ – ﺍﺛﻨﺘﺎﻥ – ﺛﻨﺘﺎﻥ – ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ – ﻛﻠﺘﺎﻫﻤﺎ ” ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺜﻨﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ ﺭﻓﻌﺎً ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒ
ﻭﻧﺼﺒﺎً ﻭﺟﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ .
-61 ” ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻮﻥ – ﺳﻨﻮﻥ – ﺑﻨﻮﻥ – ﺃﻫﻠﻮﻥ – ﺃﺭﺿﻮﻥ – ﻋﻠﻴﻮﻥ – ﺃﻭﻟﻮ – ﺫﻭﻭ – ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ ”
ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺔ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ ﺭﻓﻌﺎً ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻭﻧﺼﺒﺎً ﻭﺟﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ .
-62 ﺗﺤﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻨﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ .
* ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺗﻘﻴﺎﺀ .
-63 ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ .. ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ …. ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ , ﻛﺘﺒﻮﺍ .
ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻟﻠﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻭﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ * ﻗﺎﻃﻌﻮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺠﺮﻣﻮﻥ .
-64 ” ﺃﻭﻻﺕ – ﻭﻛﻞ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺳُﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ . ﻋﺮﻓﺎﺕ – ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺎﺕ – ﺳﺎﺩﺍﺕ … ” ﺗﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ . ﻓﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﻭﺗﺠﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ .
* ﺣﻀﺮﺕ ﺃﻭﻻﺕُ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ * ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻋﺮﻓﺎﺕ * ﻣﺮﺭﺕ ﺑﺒﺮﻛﺎﺕ .
-65 ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻨﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺎﻑ ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ .
* ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ : ﺷﺘﺎﻥ ( ﺍﻓﺘﺮﻕ ) , ﺳﺮﻋﺎﻥ ( ﺳﺮﻉ ) , ﻫﻴﻬﺎﺕ ( ﺑﻌﺪ ) .
* ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ : ﺃﻑ ( ﺃﺗﻀﺠﺮ ) , ﺁﻩ ( ﺃﺗﺄﻟﻢ ) , ﻭﺍﻫﺎ ( ﺃﺷﺘﺎﻕ ) , ﻭﻱ ( ﺃﺗﻌﺠﺐ ) .
* ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ : ﺣﻲ ( ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ) , ﻫﻠﻤﻮﺍ ( ﺃﻗﺒﻠﻮﺍ ) , ﺁﻣﻴﻦ ( ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺐ ) , ﺇﻳﻪ ( ﺯﺩﻧﻲ ) , ﺻﻪ ( ﺍﺳﻜﺖ ) , ﻣﻪ ( ﻛﻒ ) , ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ( ﺍﻟﺰﻡ ) ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ( ﺗﻨﺢ ) , ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ( ﺧﺬ ) , ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻚ ( ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ) , ﻭﺭﺍﺀﻙ ( ﺗﺄﺧﺮ ) , ﺩﻭﻧﻚ ( ﺧﺬ ) , ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ( ﺍﺛﺒﺖ ) , ﺭﻭﻳﺪ ( ﺃﻣﻬﻞ ) , ﺑﻠﻪ ( ﺍﺗﺮﻙ ) .
-66 ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻷﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ,
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺑﺜﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﻭﺗﺠﺰﻡ ﺑﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ . * ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻻﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻖ * ﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻟﻦ ﺗﻔﺮﻃﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻜﻢ * ﺃﻧﺖ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻬﻤﻠﻲ .
-67 ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﺠﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻟﻌﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﻴﻦ .
* ﺃﺩِ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﻚ ﺗﻨﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ .
-68 ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺃﻟﻔﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻭﺍً ” ﺭﺟﺎ ” ،
ﻭﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻳﺎﺀ ” ﻗﻀﻰ ”
ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻳﺎﺀ ………….. ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﻲ
-69 ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ .
* ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻷﻛﺮﻣَﻦّ ﺿﻴﻔﻲ * ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪَﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﻭﺳﻚ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ .
-70 ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺿﻤﻴﺮﺍً ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ .
* ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻳﺤﺎﻓﻈْْﻦَ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻳﻨﺘﻬﻦ .
-71 ” ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻦ – ﺳﻮﻑ ” ﺣﺮﻓﺎﻥ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ , ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ .
* ﺳﻮﻑ ﺃﺳﺎﻋﺪ ﻃﻼﺑﻲ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻮﻕ * ﺳﺘﺒﺪﻱ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ .
-72 ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻮﻧﺎً ﻭﻻ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎً ﺑﺄﻝ ﻭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻪ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﻟﻴﻪ , ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً ﺃﻭ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻲ .
* ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻃﻼﺑﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ *. ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ .
-73 ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺒﻲ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﺼﻒ ﻣﺎﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻭﻳﻄﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ , ﻭﻳﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺩ , ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻋﻠﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ .
* ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻜﺮﺗﻪ ﻣﻤﺘﻊ *. ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺃﺛﺮﻩ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ .
-74 ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ” ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ – ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ – ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ” ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﺍ ﻣﺴﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮ .
* ﺃﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﺧﻮﻙ ؟ * ﺃﻣﺼﻮﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ؟ * ﻣﺎ ﺟﺰﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ ؟
-75 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﻧﻌﻢ – ﺑﺌﺲ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً . * ﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ .
* ﺑﺌﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﺍﺭ .
-76 ” ﺃﻳﻬﺎ – ﺃﻳﺘﻬﺎ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﺎً ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺎً ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﻬﻤﺎ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻜﻠﻢ
ﺃﻭ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎﺀ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ .
* ﺑﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﺗﺮﻗﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ .
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻱ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ .
* ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐُ ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺪ .
-77 ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻻﻳﻨﻮﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺻﻒ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ” ﺍﺑﻦ ” ﺃﻣﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻨﻮﻥ
ﻣﺤﻤﺪُ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ . ﻣﺤﻤﺪُ ﻃﺎﻟﺐُ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪُ .
-78 ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻞ , ﻣﻔﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺣﺮﻑ ﻭﺳﻄﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ : ” ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ , ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ” ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺃﻣﺎ ” ﺗﻼﻣﺬﺓ , ﻗﺮﺍﻣﻄﺔ ” ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ .
-79 ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﻳﺎ ” ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺒﻲ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺘﻌﺠﺒﺎً ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻶﻡ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ . * ﻳﺎ ﺭﻭﻋﺔَ ﻣﺼﺮ ! * ﻳﺎ ﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝِ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ !
-80 ” ﻣﻊ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﻮﻧﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﻓﺘﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺎﻻً .
* ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻘﻈﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺮﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ . * ﺗﺠﻮﻟﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻼﺀ . * ﺣﻀﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻣﻌﺎً .
-81 ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻧﺼﺒﺎً ﺃﻭ ﺟﺮﺍً ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ” ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ
ﻋﺸﺮ ” ﻣﺎﻋﺪﺍ ” ﺃﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ” ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺃﻳﻦ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺑﻲ .
* ﻧﺠﺢ ﺧﻤﺴﺔُ ﻃﻼﺏ *. ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ *. ﺣﻀﺮ ﺛﻼﺙَ ﻋﺸﺮﺓَ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔ
* ﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﺴﻌﺔَ ﻋﺸﺮَﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎً .
-82 ﺍﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ – ﺍﺛﻨﺘﺎ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ” ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ * ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ طالبا * ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﺍﺛﻨﺘﻲ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻗﺼﻴﺪﺓ * ﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﺘﻔﻮﻗﺎً
ﻭﻳﻜﻮ ﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ” ﺍﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ – ﺃﺛﻨﺘﺎ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ” ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺃﻳﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺻﻴﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ
* ﺻﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ
-83 ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ :
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻝ / ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ / ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ / ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ / ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻝ / ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ / ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺩﻱ .
-84 ” ﻛﺎﻥ ” ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ” ﻣﺎ ” ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ
* ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺭﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ !
-85 ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ” ﻻ ”
* ” ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ ” ﻃﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺟﺎﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺗﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً
ﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺃﻻ ﻳﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺷﺮﻁ -:
* ﻻ ﺗﺴﻊَ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ * ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ .
* ” ﻻ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻃﻔﺔ ” ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍً ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻓﺎً ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﻋﻄﻒ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺃﻭﻣﺜﺒﺖ
* ﺳﺎﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﻓﻘﻴﺮﺍً ﻻ ﻏﻨﻴﺎً * ﺳﺄﻋﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻆ .
* ” ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ” ﻻ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺒﺘﻴﻦ , ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ , ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻲ , ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ، ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ
– ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﻼ ﻭﻋﻲ . – ﻳﺎ ﻋﺮﺏ ﺍﺗﺤﺪﻭ ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﻔﺸﻠﻮﺍ
– ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﻥ ﻳﺬﺍﻛﺮﺍﻥ ﻟﻜﻴﻼ ﻳﻔﺸﻼ – ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺟﺢ ﻻ ﻳﺒﺨﻞ ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻪ
– ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺻﻌﺐ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ – ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮ ﻻ ﻧﺠﺢ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻫﺘﻢ
* ” ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ : ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺲ ﻓﻴﺼﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻒ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺏ ” ﺑﻞ ”
– ﻻ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺍً ﺑﻞ ﺭﺟﻼﻥ .
-86 ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ” ﻣﺎ ”
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﺼﺢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻝ : * ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻋﺒﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺮﺣﺖ .
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ : ﺗﺠﺰﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ * ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺗﺠﺪﻩ .
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ : ﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ ﻭﻳﺠﺬﻑ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻓﻼ ﺣﺬﻑ , ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﺭﺓ : ﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ؟ ﻋﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ ؟
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺒﻴﺔ : ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ” ﻣﺎ ﺃﻓﻌﻠﻪ ! ” ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ . ﻣﺎ ﺃﻗﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﺬﺏ !
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ : ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﻴﺔ : ﻣﺎ ﺃﻫﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﻢ / ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻗﺪﻭﺓ .
ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ . ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺻﻌﺒﺎً .
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔ : ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ *: ﺳﺄﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻣﺎﺩﻣﺖ ﺣﻴﺎ 0
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺔ * ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺁﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ .
– ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ : ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ .
* ﻛﺎﻓﺔ : ﺗﻜﻒ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ( ﻃﺎﻟﻤﺎ – ﻛﺜﺮﻣﺎ – ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ) ﻭﺗﻜﻒ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ : ” ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﺇﺧﻮﺓ 0 ﻭﺗﻜﻒ ” ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ – ﺭﺏ ” ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ :
ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺼﻴﺢ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻠﻴﻎ . ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺳﻬﻞ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻜﻒ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ : ﺷﺮﺣﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ .
* ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ : ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ :
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺫﺍ ” ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ * ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺗﺘﻔﻮﻕ .
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﺑﻴﻦ ” * ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﺱ * ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺩﻫﻢ ﻭﻋﻠﻲ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ” ﻋﻦ – ﻓﻲ ” ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ” ﻏﻴﺮ ”
* ﻋﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﺘﺤﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ * ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺻﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻗﺼﺪ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺯﻣﺔ ” ﺇﺫﻣﺎ – ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ – ﺇﻣﺎ – ﺃﻳﺎﻣﺎ ”
* ﺇﺫ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺬﺍﻛﺮ ﺗﺘﻔﻮﻕ * ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ * ﺇﻣﺎ ﻳﻬﺎﺟﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻧﻬﺰﻣﻪ
* ﺃﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻲ .
ﺑﻌﺪ ” ﻟﻴﺖ – ﺷﺘﺎﻥ ” * ﻟﻴﺘﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻔﻮﻗﻮﻥ * ﺷﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩ
ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﻣﺘﺒﻮﻋﻪ ” ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ ﻣﺜﻼً ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻮﺿﺔ ”
87 ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ” ﻣﻦ ”
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ : ﻭﻫﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻗﻞ ﻭﻳﺼﺢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻻﺑﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﺔ :
* ﻓﻬﻤﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﺃ ﺷﺮﺣﻲ .
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ : ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﻗﻞ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﺍﻷﻏﺎﻧﻲ ؟
* ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍ ﻛﺮﻣﺖ ؟
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ : ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻗﻞ ﻭﺗﺠﺰﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻁ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻪ * ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺬﻛﺮﺗﻲ ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﻳﺘﻔﻮﻕ .
ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ :
* ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻨﺲ : ﺗﻨﻔﻲ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺇﻥ ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﻫﻲ .
* ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻭﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﻧﻜﺮﺗﻴﻦ 0
* ﺃﻻ ﻳﻔﺼﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ
* ﺃﻻ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ .
ﻭﻟﻮ ﻓﻘﺪﺕ ﺷﺮﻃﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻳﻠﻐﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻜﺮﺭ .
ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﺳﻤﻬﺎ : ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ , ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ , ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ : ﻳﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ .
ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ : ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ .
* ﻻ ﺭﺟﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ
* ﻻ ﺃﺧﺎ ﻋﻠٍﻢ ﻣﻬﺎﻥ
* ﻻ ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎً ﻟﻠﺤﻖ ﻣﻔﻠﺢِ
** ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺧﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ : ﺃﻧﺖ ﻧﺎﺟﺢ ﻻ ﺷﻚ
· ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺱ ﺷﺎﺭﺡ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ , ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺩ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻠﺆﻟﺆ
ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻼ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺎً ﺑﺄﻝ . ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻓﺮ ﺫﻧﻮﺏَ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺋﺒﻴﻦ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺃﻝ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺃﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺍً ﻋﻠﻲ
ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻔﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻑ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺣﺎﻻً .
ﺍﻟﻠﺺ ﺳﺎﺭﻕُ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝَ ، ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﻡ ﻋﺸﻴﺮﺗَﻪ ، ﻣﺎ ﻣﻬﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ
ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﺟﻨﺪﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎً ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ ، ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲَ ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺎﻫﻪ ؟
ﻳﺎ ﺭﺍﻓﻌﺎً ﺫﻛﺮﻙ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺃﺣﺴﻨﺖ .
· ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺻﻴﻐﻬﺎ :
ﻓَﻌََّﺎﻝ – ﻣِﻔْﻌَﺎﻝ – ﻓﻌﻮﻝ – ﻓَﻌِﻴْﻞ – ﻓَﻌِِﻞ
ﻭﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ : ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻀﻴﺎﻉ ﻓﺮﺹ ﻧﺠﺎﺣﻪ .
ﻣﺎﺣﺬﺭ ﻋﻘﻠﻪُ ﺑﻐﺎﻓﻞ ، ﺃ ﺃﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡَ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ؟
· ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ :
ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻣﺬﺍﻉ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎً
ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ” ﻓﻴﺮﻓﻊ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ” ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ”
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭُﻩ سهل ، ﻤﺎ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﺩﺭﺱُ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ، ﺃﻣﻌﻠﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ؟ ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺑﺔ ﻣﻤﺰﻕ ﺷﻤﻠُﻬﺎ ، ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺭﺟﻞُ ﻣﻬﺬﺑﺔ ﺃﺧﻼﻗُﺔ .
· ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ” ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ” ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻭ ” ﻓُﻌﻠﻲ ” ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻧﺚ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺌﻴﻦ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻛﺎ ﻓﻲ صفة ، ﻭﺯﺍﺩ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ .
* ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺻﻮﻏﻪ :
ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ : ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ – ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ – ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺖ – ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﺮﻑ – ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ – ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻡ
ﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ” ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ” ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺆﻧﺜﻬﺎ ” ﻓﻌﻼﺀ ”
ﺍﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ ﺃﺷﺪ ﺧﻀﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ، ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻕ ﺃﺣﻖ ﺃﻻ ﻧﺘﺮﻛﻪ .
ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ :
-1 ﻣﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻝ : ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﻀﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ . ﺃﺩﻫﻢ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ , ﺃﺷﺮﻗﺖ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻠﻲ .
-2 ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻝ : ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺘﻪ ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻻﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ .
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ , ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻋﻈﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ .
-3 ﻣﺠﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ : ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﺑﻤﻦ . ﺷﺮﺣﻲ ﺃﻧﻔﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ .
-4 ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻟﻨﻜﺮﻩ : ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﻭﻳﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻀﻞ .
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪﺓ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺔٍ , ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ .
* ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ : ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ . ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻣَﻬْﺒﻂ ﺍﻷﺩﻳﺎﻥ ، ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣَﻮْﻟﺪِ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ .
-1 ﻣَﻔْﻌَﻞ
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣَﺴْﻌَﻲ
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣَﻠْﻌَﺐ
-2 ﻣَﻔْﻌِﻞ
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣَﻮْﻋِﺪ
* ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣَﻬْﺒِﻂ
ﻭﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻨﻪ ” ﻣُﻨﺘَﻬﻲ ”
** ﺇﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ : ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻶﺯﻡ ﻓﻴﺮﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً ﺃﻭ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻓﻴﺮﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻼً ﻭﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً
ﺑﺸﺮﻃﺄﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺋﺒﺎً ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺏ ” ﺃﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ” ﺃﻭ ” ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ :
ﻧﻬﻮﺿﺎً ﺇﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ / ﺃﺳﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﺇﻋﻼﻧﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ
ﺻﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ :
– ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﻑ : ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻣﻚ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒَ ﻭﺍﺟﺐ .
– ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻝ : ﺃﻧﺖ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺐ ﻭﻃﻨَﻚ .
– ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻮﻥ : ﺇﻃﻌﺎﻣﺎً ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀَ .
* ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻤﻲ : ﻣﺒﺪﻭﺀ ﺑﻤﻴﻢ ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﺭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ
ﻳﺴﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻲ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ .
ﺻﻮﻏﻪ : ﻳﺼﺎﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺯﻥ ” ﻣَﻔْﻌَﻞ ” ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻴﺄﺗﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ” ﻣَﻔْﻌِﻞ ” ﻭﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ * ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻲ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣُﺘﻔَﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ .
* ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ : ﻛﻞ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻣﺸﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺗﺎﺀ ﺗﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﺔ ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺏ
ﻻ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﺻﻔﺔ
* ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ . ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺔ ” ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ” ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺎ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺏ 0
* ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻨﻲ ﺑﺈﻻ .
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﺎً ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺎً ﻳﺠﺐ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ . ﺃﺛﻤﺮﺕ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺷﺠﺮﺓً / ﻛﺮﻣْﺖُ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﻮﻗﻴﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺒﺔ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺗﺎﻣﺎً ﻣﻨﻔﻴﺎً ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ ﺑﺪﻻً . ﻣﺎﺃﺑﺤﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺘﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺘﺎﻥ .
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻧﺎﻗﺼﺎً ﻣﻨﻔﻴﺎً ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ .
ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻍُ – ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﺎﺳﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺘﺮﻭﻥ
“* ﻏﻴﺮ – ﺳﻮﻱ ” ﺗﺄﺧﺬﺍﻥ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻻ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺃﻥ ” ﺳﻮﻱ ” ﺗﻌﺮﺑﺒﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻘﺪﺭﺓ .
ﻧﺠﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻣﻴﺬ ﻏﻴﺮَ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻠﻴﻦ / ﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﺩ ﺳﻮﻱ ﻓﺪﺍﺋﻲ / ﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻏﻴﺮَ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻞِ
“* ﻋﺪﺍ – ﺧﻼ – ﺣﺎﺷﺎ ” ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﺣﺮﻓﺎً ﻟﻠﺠﺮ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﻤﺎً ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍً ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﺮﺏ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻣﺎﺷﻴﺎً ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻًﺑﻪ . ﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ – ﻋﺪﺍ – ﺧﻼ – ﺣﺎﺷﺎ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎً ﺃﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺏٍ
* ” ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ – ﻣﺎ ﺧﻼ ” ﻳﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺎً ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ .
* ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻹﻏﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ : ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻟﻴﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻬﻪ ﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺬﻣﻮﻡ ﻟﻴﺘﺠﻨﺒﻪ .
** ﻳﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺬﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ : ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍً ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍً ﺃﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﺎً ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻜﺮﺭﺍً ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎﻟﺰﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻏﺮﺍﺀ ، ﺍﺣﺬﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ .
* ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ : ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ
ﻟﻴﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻲ ” ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺺ ” .
ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺺ : ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﺎً ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﺃﺧﺺ ” ﻧﺤﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﻧﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ .
* ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ : ﻣﺎ ﺃﻓﻌﻠﻪ ! ﺃﻭ ﺃَ ﻓْﻌِﻞْ ﺑﻪ !
ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺠﺐ : ﻣﺎ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪ !
ﻣﺎ : ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ
ﺃﻋﻈﻢ : ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ” ﻣﺎ ” ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪ : ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ .
ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺒﻲ !
ﺃﻛﺮﻡ : ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﺃﺗﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺠﺐ . .
ﺏ : ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ : ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻟﻔﻈﺎً ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻣﺤﻼً ﻷﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ
· ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺬﻡ ”
ﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺯﻳﺪُ
ﻧﻌﻢ : ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ , ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ,
ﺯﻳﺪُ : ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻭﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﺒﺮﺍً ﻟﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺤﺬﻭﻑ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ” ﻫﻮ ”
ﺣﺒﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞُ
ﺣﺐ ” ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ , ﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞُ : ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ
منقول

Neither mental health care nor gun control measures will end mass shootings.

Posted Mar 27, 2018

 

 

Cannabidiol (CBD) is considered to be a nonpsychotomimetic and nonpsychoactive derivative of Cannabis sativa. It was patented by the US Department of Health and Human Services in 2003 as an antioxidant and neuroprotectant.

CBD has a complex mode of action which includes inverse agonism (functionally an antagonist) of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, mild monoamine uptake inhibition, and 5-HT1A agonism.¹

Additionally, reviews based on preclinical and clinical research identify CBD as an anxiolytic, antipsychotic, anti-insomnia and antidepressant agent. Furthermore, it has putative anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, and neuroprotective properties.²

 

Adjunct use of CBD in schizophrenia is supported by the highest quality of evidence. A recent randomized controlled trial demonstrated the superiority of adjunctive CBD to placebo in treating positive symptoms of schizophrenia, and a strong trend towards efficacy in addressing cognitive difficulties associated with this condition.³

A prior randomized active control study found that monotherapy with CBD had a comparable effect to amisulpride (one of the most efficacious antipsychotics) on positive symptoms while demonstrating a clear advantage in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia.⁴

Several open-label studies extend and support the benefits of CBD in psychotic disorders.

Preclinical and open-label studies have found that CBD also may be helpful in the treatment of anxiety, particularly social anxiety, using a public speaking paradigm.⁵

Mostly preclinical evidence from animal studies suggests there may be a reason to study CBD as an adjunct treatment for depression, while preliminary evidence points to its potential usefulness as a safer substitute for controlled substances used in treating psychiatric and pain disorders.

While emerging evidence is encouraging, more studies utilizing rigorous scientific methodology and larger clinical samples need to be completed before we can endorse the wider use of CBD in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.

1) Make peace with your past so it does not spoil your present. Your past does not define your future—your actions and beliefs do.

This is key for moving forward and living well. It is a major issue for those of us who have bipolar disorder due to the impulsive behavior issues that happen when we are not stabilized. These greatly affect our relationships and choices.

Trust me, I know how VERY difficult letting go of your past and forgiving yourself is! Two things were key for me in making peace with my past:

• I had to choose to stop thinking about it.
• I had to decide what caused the issues was the brain-based disorder, called bipolar disorder.

 

2) What others think of you is none of your business. It is how much you value yourself and how important you think you are.

Yes, there is a time to care about what other people think. The opinion of trusted, caring and safe people in our lives is needed to give us feedback. But, what others think really does not matter; especially the opinions of those who are angry with you or are ignorant regarding bipolar disorder.

What makes you think you can keep everyone around you happy and thinking well of you? You don’t necessarily like everyone you know, do you?

My very manic episode caused many people to have opinions of me that were simply mean-spirited and misinformed. (When a pastor messes up [public manic episode] a LOT of folks talk.) I know how hard it is to believe that what “others” think of you as being none of your business. Two things that helped me with this:

• I chose not to listen to what other people thought nor did I seek out what they thought.
• I consistently reminded myself that I didn’t have positive opinions of others all of the time; so why would how others felt about me be any different?

 

3) Time heals almost everything. Give time, time. Pain will be less hurting. Scars make us who we are; they explain our life and who we are, they challenge us and force us to be strong.

This is true. Most of the work that you and I need to do in living well after medicine brings about stabilization is grief work. And grief work takes time.

Following my diagnosis some 20 years ago, I thought about and felt the pain of the havoc that bipolar had caused in my life at least 90% of each day. Today, it does not even consume 1% percent of my day.

The only way this happened for me was to simply decide to spend the least amount of time per day thinking about the pain. Day by day I chose to think about those painful things less often. Some days it was easier than others. Plus, I decided that I was going to use the pain to move me where I needed to be in life.

 

4) No one is the reason for your own happiness, except you yourself. Waste no time and effort searching for peace and contentment and joy in the world outside.

Contrary to what a lot of folks think, antidepressants will not always cause you to become happy. Medicine won’t always cause us to be happy, at peace or content. These things are up to each of us from within and for some of us, within our faith.

 

5) Don’t compare your life with others; you have no idea what their journey is about. If we all threw our problems in a pile and saw everyone else’s, we would grab ours back as fast as we could.

I’ve been in pastoral ministry for 30 years and have done countless hours of pastoral counseling. Trust me, there are things much worse to “have” in life than bipolar disorder. Truth is, if you think that bipolar is the worst thing that could happen, then that is how your life will be. Change how you look at it and you will change your life.

Is it easy to have bipolar disorder? No, it’s not. But, it could be worse and be thankful that it is not worse.

 

6) Stop thinking too much.

It’s all right not to know all the answers. Sometimes there is no answer, there’s not going to be any answer, and there never has been an answer. That’s the answer! Just accept it, move on. Next!

 

7) Sometimes talk-therapy can cause you and me to overthink everything. Sometimes you just have to stop thinking about some things and move on.

Smile—you don’t own all the problems in the world. A smile can brighten the darkest day and make life more beautiful. It is a potential curve to turn a life around and set everything straight.

I know! I know this seems trite and rather simplistic. But, there’s actually research out there that when you choose to smile it actually “tricks” your brain to help your mood. It has to do with your brain knowing that the muscles it takes to smile are connected to happy thoughts. Google it. Try it.

Will this simplistic approach lift clinical depression? Of course, not. But, if you are just in a bad mood or sad mood it will help.

Well, tell me what you think of these “7 Cardinal Rules for Life”. You don’t have to agree with all seven of them to glean some insights for living well. Which one or ones “speak to you” or give you insight? Certainly more could be added—what would you add?